The radiation-grafting of vinylbenzyl chloride onto poly(hexafluoropropylene-co-tetrafluoroethylene) films with subsequent conversion to alkaline anion-exchange membranes: optimisation of the experimental conditions and characterisation

Herman, H.; Slade, Robert C. T.; Varcoe, John R.

doi:10.1016/s0376-7388(03)00167-4

Cited by 170 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The synthesis of AEMs through radiation grafting of vinylbenzyl chloride (VBC) onto polymer matrices has been shown to be an effective way of avoiding the use of chloromethyl ether [13][14][15]. Moreover, electrolyte membranes containing grafted units, due to their comb-shaped nanoscale structural organization, exhibit high ionic conductivity over a wide range of humidity [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyethylene-based radiation grafted anion-exchange membranes for alkaline fuel cells

Sherazi

Sohn

Lee

et al. 2013

Journal of Membrane Science

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/npsi/ctrl?lang=en http://nparc.cisti-icist.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/npsi/ctrl?lang=fr Access and use of this website and the material on it are subject to the Terms and Conditions set forth at http://nparc.cisti-icist.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/npsi/jsp/nparc_cp.jsp?lang=en NRC Publications Archive Archives des publications du CNRCThis publication could be one of several versions: author's original, accepted manuscript or the publisher's version. / La version de cette publication peut être l'une des suivantes : la version prépublication de l'auteur, la version acceptée du manuscrit ou la version de l'éditeur. For the publisher's version, please access the DOI link below./ Pour consulter la version de l'éditeur, utilisez le lien DOI ci-dessous.http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2013.03.053 Science, 441, pp. 148-157, 2013-04-10 Polyethylene-based radiation grafted anion-exchange membranes for alkaline fuel cells Sherazi, Tauqir A.; Sohn, Joon Yong; Lee, Young Moo; Guiver, Michael D. Journal of Membrane AbstractVinyl benzyl chloride was grafted onto ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene powder (UHMWPE) by radiation grafting. The grafted powder was subsequently fabricated into membrane by melt pressing. The effect of absorbed radiation dose on the degree of grafting (DG) is discussed. The melt-flow properties of PVBC grafted PE with low degree of grafting was conducive to forming homogeneous pore-free membranes, which was confirmed by scanning electron microscopic analysis. The grafted polyethylene membranes were post functionalized with trimethylamine, followed by alkalization to obtain anion-exchange membranes (AEMs). The structures of the resulting AEMs were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, which showed that the grafted membranes were successfully functionalized. The properties of the AEMs, including ion exchange capacity, water uptake, in-plane swelling, methanol uptake, methanol permeability, and hydroxide ion conductivity were investigated. The AEMs showed reasonably good chemical stability, as evidenced by the ion exchange capacity being maintained for a long duration, even in highly alkaline conditions. The membranes exhibited a maximum ionic conductivity of 47.5 mS cm −1 at 90 °C (30 mS cm -1 at 60 °C).Methanol permeability was found to be in the order of 10 −8 cm 2 s -1 , which is considerably lower than that of Nafion ® . The membranes have useful properties consistent with anion exchange membranes suitable for alkaline fuel cells.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyethylene-based radiation grafted anion-exchange membranes for alkaline fuel cells

Sherazi

Sohn

Lee

et al. 2013

Journal of Membrane Science

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“…This value is comparable to those reported in the literature for anion conductive membranes or ionomers. For example, an irradiation derived, quaternary ammonium functionalized FEP anion exchange membrane shows an IEC of 1.08 mmol g −1 [22], while an AEM of poly(methyl methacrylate- co-butyl acrylate-co-vinylbenzyl chloride) (also ammonium type) has an IEC value of 1.25 mmol g −1 [23]; in other cases, IEC of 1.3 mmol g −1 was reported for anionic membrane based on polyepichlorhydrin matrix (functionalized with a cyclic diamine DABCO) [24], and 1.14 mmol g −1 reported for an hydroxide conductive ionomer of poly(vinylbenzyl chloride) cross-linked with a diamine [13]. Poly (arylene ether sulfone) ionomers with pendant quaternary ammonium exhibits high IEC ranging from 1.58 to 3.02 mmol g −1 (corresponding to substitution degree of 40-90%) [5].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poly(vinylidene fluoride) based anion conductive ionomer as a catalyst binder for application in anion exchange membrane fuel cell

Zhang

et al. 2011

Journal of Power Sources

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“…A wide range of chemically and thermal stable polymers can be chosen as the base films for the production of AAEMs. Patents [80][81][119][120][121][122] use γ -rays irradiation, while other work such as at the University of Surrey [28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] also uses electron beam irradiation. Stable polymers such as ETFE and FEP have been used to produce AAEMs using this irradiation grafting methodology.…”

Section: Hofmann Elimination (Which Requires Anti-periplanar Conformamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In our group, we have successfully developed several kinds of quaternary-ammonium-containing radiation-grafted AAEMs based on poly(vinylidene fluoride) PVDF [28][29][30][31][32], poly(tetrafluroethyleneco-hexafluoropropylene) FEP [28,29,33] and poly(ethylene-co-tetrafluoroethylene) ETFE [34][35] with good ion exchange capacities (IEC) and ionic conductivities and with sufficient stabilities to test the proof of concept of using AAEMs in fuel cells. We found that ETFE base films produced the best AAEMs for testing in APEMFCs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alkaline Anion Exchange Membranes for Fuel Cells- A Patent Review

Zeng¹,

Varcoe²

2011

CHENG

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Abstract:Recently, Alkaline Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells (APEMFCs) have been attracting worldwide attention mainly due to the prospect of using non-platinum-group metal catalysts.In addition, there is growing evidence that these fuel cells can operate with the presence of carbonate.This mini review will introduce the state-of-the-art in understanding of alkaline anion-exchange membranes (AAEMs) in solid alkaline fuel cells. Ionomers for membrane electrode assembly (MEA) fabrication and the chemistry of the carbonate and bicarbonate forms of the AAEMs are also discussed.Key references to the latest scientific literature and reviews are included, along with a brief overview of directly relevant patents.Keywords: Alkaline polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell, alkaline anion exchange membrane, alkaline ionomer, hybrid membrane fuel cell, carbonate and bicarbonate.

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The radiation-grafting of vinylbenzyl chloride onto poly(hexafluoropropylene-co-tetrafluoroethylene) films with subsequent conversion to alkaline anion-exchange membranes: optimisation of the experimental conditions and characterisation

Cited by 170 publications

References 28 publications

Polyethylene-based radiation grafted anion-exchange membranes for alkaline fuel cells

Polyethylene-based radiation grafted anion-exchange membranes for alkaline fuel cells

Poly(vinylidene fluoride) based anion conductive ionomer as a catalyst binder for application in anion exchange membrane fuel cell

Alkaline Anion Exchange Membranes for Fuel Cells- A Patent Review

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