2008
DOI: 10.2174/1875398100801010031
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The Quantification of Glycosaminoglycans: A Comparison of HPLC, Carbazole, and Alcian Blue Methods

Abstract: Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are linear polysaccharides that are found in the extracellular matrix and biological fluids of animals where they interact with hundreds of proteins and perform a variety of critical roles. There are five classes of animal GAGs: heparan sulfate (HS), chondroitin sulfate (CS), dermatan sulfate (DS), keratan sulfate (KS), and hyaluronan (HA). Many biological functions can be monitored directly by their impact on GAG quantity. Thus, simple, sensitive, and robust GAG quantification method… Show more

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Cited by 108 publications
(72 citation statements)
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References 41 publications
(48 reference statements)
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“…Heparin/heparan sulfate consists of repeating glucosamine-and uronic acid-containing disaccharides whereas chondroitin/dermatan sulfate consists of repeating galactosamine-and uronic acid-containing disaccharides. Analysis of 26 lots of contaminated heparin from different sources showed similar amounts of uronic acid per gram dry weight compared to authentic heparin by a carbazole assay, 12 indicating that heparin was most likely contaminated with GAGs. By using a glucosamine and galactosamine quantification assay, 12,13 we found variable amounts of galactosamine-containing contaminants in the 26 heparin lots (from 2-37%, Table 1) compared to 0.23% in the 26 authentic heparin lots.…”
Section: Detect Heparin Contaminants By Monosaccharide Analysismentioning
confidence: 94%
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“…Heparin/heparan sulfate consists of repeating glucosamine-and uronic acid-containing disaccharides whereas chondroitin/dermatan sulfate consists of repeating galactosamine-and uronic acid-containing disaccharides. Analysis of 26 lots of contaminated heparin from different sources showed similar amounts of uronic acid per gram dry weight compared to authentic heparin by a carbazole assay, 12 indicating that heparin was most likely contaminated with GAGs. By using a glucosamine and galactosamine quantification assay, 12,13 we found variable amounts of galactosamine-containing contaminants in the 26 heparin lots (from 2-37%, Table 1) compared to 0.23% in the 26 authentic heparin lots.…”
Section: Detect Heparin Contaminants By Monosaccharide Analysismentioning
confidence: 94%
“…Analysis of 26 lots of contaminated heparin from different sources showed similar amounts of uronic acid per gram dry weight compared to authentic heparin by a carbazole assay, 12 indicating that heparin was most likely contaminated with GAGs. By using a glucosamine and galactosamine quantification assay, 12,13 we found variable amounts of galactosamine-containing contaminants in the 26 heparin lots (from 2-37%, Table 1) compared to 0.23% in the 26 authentic heparin lots. Although the glucosamine/galactosamine quantification assay quantifies the level of chondroitin/dermatan sulfate contamination, the assay could not exclude the possibility that heparin was also contaminated with heparan sulfate and/or oversulfated heparan sulfate.…”
Section: Detect Heparin Contaminants By Monosaccharide Analysismentioning
confidence: 94%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…However, these methods are either limited in their sensitivity, time-consuming, or expensive [8,9]. Direct micro-volume quantification of protein via UV-Vis absorbance was employed in this study using the NanoDrop™ spectrophotometer.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…26 More detrimental to the selectivity, both mono-and disaccharides react with the carbazole, producing a high level of background noise that requires the purification of targeted polysaccharides.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%