The Quality of Life after Major Thermal Injury in Children

Dn, Herndon; LeMaster, Joseph W.; Beard, Sylvia A.; Bernstein, Neil E.; Lewis, Camille Kaminski; Tc, Rutan; Jb, Winkler; Cole, Melissa; Bjarnason, Dana; Gore, Dennis C.

doi:10.1097/00005373-198607000-00004

Cited by 73 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Children experience increased problems as they become adolescents [10,[43][44][45]. Children burned early in life may not reveal their emotional problems until adolescence and the 'sleeper effect' described by Sawyer et al (1982) [10] should be considered.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The psychological effects of sex, age at burn, stage of adolescence, intelligence, position and degree of burn in thermally injured adolescents: Part 2

Rivlin

Faragher

2007

Developmental Neurorehabilitation

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A total of 44 thermally injured children (22 boys and 22 girls), currently aged 11-16 years old, who had been injured 3-14 years previously, stratified by age, sex, degree of burn (1-9%, 10-19%, 20%+) and position of burn (those whose burns included the face and those not burned facially) were selected from a sample pool of 394 previously hospitalized cases. Extent of psychological disturbance experienced by thermally injured adolescents and their mothers indicated that significant effects were evident regarding the sex of the child, age at the time of burn, stage of adolescence, intelligence and by the position and degree of burn.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The psychological effects of sex, age at burn, stage of adolescence, intelligence, position and degree of burn in thermally injured adolescents: Part 2

Rivlin

Faragher

2007

Developmental Neurorehabilitation

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“…13 Only 1 long-term outcome study of children with massive burns has been published. 14 In that 4-year follow-up study of 12 children, the global quality of life was believed to be acceptable but was not objectively defined. Although it is commonly believed that injury size is the principal determinant of outcome quality, 14,15 social and emotional factors are also thought to have a major influence.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…14 In that 4-year follow-up study of 12 children, the global quality of life was believed to be acceptable but was not objectively defined. Although it is commonly believed that injury size is the principal determinant of outcome quality, 14,15 social and emotional factors are also thought to have a major influence. [16][17][18] In this study, we evaluate the long-term outcome of all children managed at a single dedicated burn center who survived massive burn injuries.…”

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confidence: 99%

Long-term Outcome of Children Surviving Massive Burns

Sheridan¹

2000

JAMA

255

108

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“…The resulting disfigurement and scarring affects quality of life, which, in turn, can lead to lowered self‐esteem, social isolation, prejudicial societal reactions, and job discrimination 3–7 . Scarring may also have profound rehabilitation consequences including loss of physical function, impairment, disability, and difficulties pursuing recreational and vocational pursuits 6,8,9 …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of the female Duroc/Yorkshire pig model of human fibroproliferative scarring

Zhu¹,

Carrougher²,

Gibran³

et al. 2007

Wound Repair Regeneration

101

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Hypertrophic scarring after burns is an unsolved problem and remains as devastating today as it was in the 40s and it may be that the main reason for this is the lack of an accepted, useful animal model. The female, red Duroc pig was described as a model of hypertrophic scarring nearly 30 years ago but then vanished from the literature. This seemed strange since the authors reported that 12 of 12 pigs developed thick scar. In the mid 90s we explored the model and found that, indeed, the red Duroc pig does make thick scar. Other authors have established that the Yorkshire pig does not heal in this fashion so there is the possibility of a same species control. We have continued to explore the Duroc/ Yorkshire model and herein describe our experiences. Is it a perfect model of hypertrophic scarring? No. Is it a useful model of hypertrophic scarring? Time will tell. We have now obtained gene expression data from the Duroc/Yorkshire model and analysis is underway.Hypertrophic scarring is a significant negative outcome of a burn injury. Hypertrophic scars (HSs) are hard, raised, red, itchy, tender, and contracted. 1,2 These scars are ugly and uncomfortable and may diminish, but never completely go away. The resulting disfigurement and scarring affects quality of life, which, in turn, can lead to lowered self-esteem, social isolation, prejudicial societal reactions, and job discrimination. [3][4][5][6][7] Scarring may also have profound rehabilitation consequences including loss of physical function, impairment, disability, and difficulties pursuing recreational and vocational pursuits. 6,8,9 Literally hundreds of studies of collagen, fibroblasts, and growth factors in HSs have been performed over the past decades and yet the pathophysiology and treatment of this process are still essentially unknown. [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] It can be argued that the reason that the etiology of human HS is unknown is the absence of a useful animal model. [18][19][20][21][22] Mice, rats, rabbits, dogs, and cats have all failed to produce scar analogous to human HS. Repetitive literature searches have yielded few references to validated animal models of HS. Morris et al. 21 reported a scar model in the rabbit ear following a small full-thickness wound, but this is quite different from the human situation that involves large, partial-thickness wounds so the relationship is somewhat questionable. Since originally reported, this model has been adopted by one other group. 23 Xiang et al. 24 created 2×5 cm full-thickness wounds on rabbit ears but again the full-thickness model seems to differ from the human condition. Models that include human HS tissue implanted into athymic rats and mice have also been described. 22,[25][26][27][28][29][30][31] Since originally reported, these athymic models have been adopted by two other groups in two studies, 32,33 but this model seems very dissimilar to the clinical situations leading to HS formation in humans. Furthermore, the human transplanted tissue is established scar so any ear...

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The Quality of Life after Major Thermal Injury in Children

Cited by 73 publications

References 0 publications

The psychological effects of sex, age at burn, stage of adolescence, intelligence, position and degree of burn in thermally injured adolescents: Part 2

The psychological effects of sex, age at burn, stage of adolescence, intelligence, position and degree of burn in thermally injured adolescents: Part 2

Long-term Outcome of Children Surviving Massive Burns

Review of the female Duroc/Yorkshire pig model of human fibroproliferative scarring

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