The psychological impact of COVID-19 on police officers

Tehrani, Noreen

doi:10.1177/0032258x211039975

Cited by 17 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…We found a significant correlation between the COVID-19-BS and levels of depression and anxiety. Although there is a lack of studies searching the relationship between burnout and depression and anxiety in the general population during the pandemic, several studies support the correlation between these variables among healthcare workers, teachers, police officers and students (Chowdhury et al, 2022; Ghio et al, 2021; Hung & Liu, 2022; Karakose et al, 2022; Tehrani, 2022; Tomaszek & Muchacka-Cymerman, 2022; Ulfa et al, 2022). In addition, Yıldırım and Solmaz (2022) found that COVID-19 stress predicted COVID-19 burnout in a sample of Turkish adults (Yıldırım & Solmaz, 2022).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The COVID-19 burnout scale: Development and initial validation

Galanis

Katsiroumpa

Sourtzi

et al. 2022

Preprint

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We developed and validated a self-assessment instrument to measure COVID-19 pandemic-related burnout in the general population. We assessed the psychometric properties of the COVID-19 burnout scale (COVID-19-BS). Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis identified three factors for the COVID-19-BS; emotional exhaustion, physical exhaustion, and exhaustion due to measures against the COVID-19. Cronbach’ s alpha coefficients for the three factors and the COVID-19-BS ranged from 0.860 to 0.921. Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin value was 0.945 and p-value for Bartlett test was <0.001 indicating highly acceptable values. Convergent validity results indicated a significant positive correlation between COVID-19-BS and anxiety and depression. Known-groups analysis identified the ability of COVID-19-BS to discriminate groups according to gender, chronic condition, and health status. Our findings indicate that the final 13-item model of COVID-19-BS is a brief, easy to administer, valid and reliable scale for assessing COVID-19-related burnout in the general public.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The COVID-19 burnout scale: Development and initial validation

Galanis

Katsiroumpa

Sourtzi

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…An exploratory study that looked at police officer perceptions of health risk, work stress and psychological problems during the COVID-19 pandemic in China found that officers with medical challenges and those who were older than 45 years perceived more health risks than younger officers (Huang et al, 2021). A study of 3863 police officers in England and Wales showed a significant effect of COVID-19 on mental well-being because it generally increased anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and compassion fatigue (Tehrani, 2022). Furthermore, a cross-sectional study that examined depression, anxiety and stress among police personnel in Northern India found that officers were at significant risk of experiencing stress, anxiety and depression caused by their COVID-19 duties (Bapna et al, 2020).…”

Section: Effects Of Stress On Police Personnel During Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

Police personnel stress during COVID-19 pandemic lockdown in Kano, Nigeria

Ndubueze

2023

International Journal of Police Science & Management

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Police personnel experience stress in the course of their routine duties. Although this stress is considered normal, given the risky nature of the job, it is exacerbated by increasing demands for law and order during pandemic-induced lockdowns. This study was designed to examine the sources/nature and effects of stress among police personnel during the SARS-CoV2 (COVID-19) pandemic lockdown and how police officers treated and managed it. The qualitative study used a phenomenological design to collect data from 30 purposively selected police personnel of Kano State Police Command, Nigeria, through in-depth interviews. Results showed that most of the participants experienced stress during lockdown. The stress emanated from a lack of cooperation by defiant members of the public who flouted the restrictions of movement order, the increased work schedule/workload, fear of being infected with the virus and a lack of understanding from families/friends. In addition, some participants reported that they experienced depression, anxiety or post-traumatic stress disorder and suicidal thoughts as a result of the stress they faced. Nonetheless, most participants reported that the availability of support from family members, peer support and trust, physical exercise, talking about occupational stress with peers/superiors, making time for their hobbies, eating well, taking a deep breath, meditation and prayers helped them relieve the occupational stress. These findings provide useful insights into the dynamics of police personnel stress and its management in the era of COVID-19 pandemic lockdown in a state in Africa's most populous country, Nigeria.

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“…The enforcement of unpopular laws brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic, and the significant negative portrayal of policing agencies across Australia during the pandemic have negative consequences on community perception and, as a result, can increase the negative effects of mental health on police officers (Police Federation of Australia, 2020). Of particular importance, the Police Federation of Australia (2020) noted that police officers suffered increased rates in fatigue due to resourcing issues across Australia and constantly being at risk of infection, which can also lead to significant strains in mental health (Tehrani, 2022).…”

Section: Inclusion Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Police emergency: career survivability navigating trauma, the impacts of COVID-19 and mental illness for police

McKinley

Jones

2022

JCRPP

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Purpose This study aims to view police mental and physical health and overall well-being through a victimological lens so as to attempt to prevent problems from starting or protecting them by informing them of what may occur within their career. Design/methodology/approach Knowledge production within the field of police health and career implications is exponentially increasing as officers all over the world try and sometimes fail to navigate the difficulties of their complex career choice. Many of the disciplines that deal with this research are acting as silos, so there is not a lot of crossover in Australian literature. This study creates a contemporary collective of literary evidence in relation to police well-being as well as the impact of COVID on them. Creating this collective is why the literature review as a research method is critical. Traditional literature reviews can lack clear process. By using a literature review as a specific methodology, the outcome is a meticulous record of all relevant materials. Findings The results of this literature review identified, without bias or interpretation, many officers became disillusioned, mentally unwell and took time away from work for two main reasons: (1) for many police officers, the substantial distress from cumulative exposure to bureaucratic administration and management styles, erratic work hours and long hours of repetitive work and (2) the dangers of day-to-day policing with the presence at fatal accidents, suicides, receiving threats to life, being assaulted and gaining poor eating and drinking habits creating issues for sleep and physical health. Research limitations/implications For the purposes of creating a contemporary paper, the authors restricted the sample of literature to 22 years (accessing from 2,000 onward). By only selecting journals from Google Scholar, relating to specific years and drawing on search terms to limit our search, it may be perceived to have skewed the sample and the outcomes. Further work will be completed in the future to correct this. Practical implications Police organisations may consider altering their bureaucratic procedures and make an effort to allow officers to better self-manage minor issues. From a victimological perspective, given that police officers are more than likely to be affected by cumulative experience of traumatic events over their career, they should be taught how to lower their individual levels of stress, to practice self-care and to be able to trust that the care they seek will be readily available without judgement. Social implications Knowing the triggers related to police breakdown, both physically and mentally, may help intervene in the early years to prevent The extremes of policing range from being faced with overwhelming paperwork and administration to acute trauma events and can leave the officer dealing with cumulative stress in all its guises. Allowing a judgment free public debate into this issue will assist police (and other emergency service works) in the future. Originality/value Viewing police officers as victims of their career choice is not common and reviewing the factors that impact them on a daily basis and throughout their career is critical for both prevention and understanding. This paper has value to numerous disciplines.

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The psychological impact of COVID-19 on police officers

Cited by 17 publications

References 36 publications

The COVID-19 burnout scale: Development and initial validation

The COVID-19 burnout scale: Development and initial validation

Police personnel stress during COVID-19 pandemic lockdown in Kano, Nigeria

Police emergency: career survivability navigating trauma, the impacts of COVID-19 and mental illness for police

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