The psychological consequences of indirect trauma exposure through the news on the Sewol ferry disaster

Lee, Heung Pyo; Choi, Yun Kyeung; Lee, Jae Ho; Lee, Hong Seock

doi:10.20406/kjcs.2016.08.22.3.411

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Another finding that should be noted here is that women tended to show slightly more anxiety as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic as compared with men (r = −0.15-−0.16). This is in line with previous evidence both in non-pandemic circumstances (Stumpf et al, 2015), in the context of natural disasters (Lee et al, 2016), as well as in the current COVID-19 pandemic (Huang et al, 2020), where women tend to be more vulnerable to mental health problems. Moreover, we did not find any significant relationship between age or education and COVID-19 anxiety.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Beginning of the Pandemic: COVID-19-Elicited Anxiety as a Predictor of Working Memory Performance

et al. 2020

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Increasing evidence indicates that the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is associated with adverse psychological effects, including heightened levels of anxiety. This study examined whether COVID-19-related anxiety levels during the early stage of the pandemic predicted demanding working memory (WM) updating performance. Altogether, 201 healthy adults (age range, 18–50) mostly from North America and the British Isles were recruited to this study via the crowdsourcing site www.prolific.co. The results showed that higher levels of COVID-19-related anxiety during the first weeks of the pandemic outbreak were associated with poorer WM performance as measured by the n-back paradigm. Critically, the unique role of COVID-19-related anxiety on WM could not be explained by demographic factors, or other psychological factors such as state and trait anxiety or fluid intelligence. Moreover, across three assessment points spanning 5–6 weeks, COVID-19-related anxiety levels tended to decrease over time. This pattern of results may reflect an initial psychological “shock wave” of the pandemic, the cognitive effects of which may linger for some time, albeit the initial anxiety associated with the pandemic would change with habituation and increasing information. Our results contribute to the understanding of cognitive–affective reactions to a major disaster.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Beginning of the Pandemic: COVID-19-Elicited Anxiety as a Predictor of Working Memory Performance

et al. 2020

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“…Existing studies report that women tend to be more vulnerable to mental health issues from exposure to disasters compared with men. Lee et al examined the psychological influence of indirect exposure to trauma through news on disasters and showed that women had longer exposure to news on disaster events and a higher magnitude of shock from such events. Existing studies indicate that women are more prone to negative influences of disasters, with prevalence rates of PTSD being two times higher than the rates of men.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To date, studies in Korea have focused on medical professionals who have experienced disaster management in the regional community, and on systems of the nation and regional self‐autonomous governments . Furthermore, these studies have focused on disaster experience and awareness, disaster readiness among college nursing students, awareness of disaster safety education in college students, and safety awareness, and safety behaviors in college students . Given that frequent disasters could threaten the mental health of scores of individuals due to indirect trauma, more research is needed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disaster awareness and coping: Impact on stress, anxiety, and depression

Lee

2019

Perspect Psychiatr Care

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Purpose This study examines disaster awareness and coping among college students to identify their influence on stress, anxiety, and depression. Design and Methods Overall, 291 college students participated. A multiple regression analysis was conducted to analyze the influence of disaster awareness and coping on stress, anxiety, and depression. Findings In the multiple regression model, anxiety, and depression were influenced by an awareness of natural and social disasters, level of perception of disaster response strategies, and level of information relating to disasters. Practice Implications It is important to deliver effective information on disaster response and strategies to prevent disaster‐related mental health issues.

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“…To develop the initial items, 21 measures related to each component were analyzed [ 11 , 13 , 16 , 23 , 24 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 ] ( Supplementary Materials ). In analyzing each item, the appropriate items were selected for each component.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, many previous domestic and foreign studies reported that exposure to disasters through mass media is related to vicarious trauma experiences and serious psychological trauma [ 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ]. In particular, findings that there were no differences between levels of PTSD in those who experienced a tragic disaster firsthand, such as the 9/11 terrorist attacks, and those who were indirectly exposed to the disaster through television-provided supporting evidence for the importance of media-mediated effects from disasters [ 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and Evaluation of a Screening Scale for Indirect Trauma Caused by Media Exposure to Social Disasters

Choi

Lee

2021

IJERPH

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As a result of mass media development, disaster-related information, such as the severity of damage, can be easily shared; thus, the issue of consequent indirect trauma has become as important as that of direct trauma. This study developed a scale to measure the degree of indirect trauma caused by media exposure to social disasters and then verified this scale’s reliability and validity. Initial items were developed through a literature review; 39 items were selected by examining their content validity and conducting a pretest. To verify the scale’s validity and reliability, exploratory factor analyses were conducted, and Cronbach’s alpha coefficients were calculated. The explanatory power of the screening scale developed through this study was 62.2%. The scale was ultimately composed of three factors comprising 24 items. Through exploratory factor analyses, factors were identified as “psychological, physical, and behavioral responses to social disasters” (factor 1), “moral resentment due to social disasters” (factor 2), and “a sense of threat to life due to social disasters” (factor 3). Regarding internal reliability, Cronbach’s alpha values ranged between 0.85 and 0.96. Future studies with expanded participant populations are suggested, which could further verify the scale’s validity and reliability and complement its shortcomings.

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The psychological consequences of indirect trauma exposure through the news on the Sewol ferry disaster

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Beginning of the Pandemic: COVID-19-Elicited Anxiety as a Predictor of Working Memory Performance

Beginning of the Pandemic: COVID-19-Elicited Anxiety as a Predictor of Working Memory Performance

Disaster awareness and coping: Impact on stress, anxiety, and depression

Development and Evaluation of a Screening Scale for Indirect Trauma Caused by Media Exposure to Social Disasters

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