The Proteins of Normal Urine

Excretion of Alpha-foetoprotein in the Urine of Pregnant Rats and Hepatoma-bearing animals

“…Tissue proteins emanating from the urogenital tract are directly excreted into the urine (Grant, 1959;Durst et al, 1969), whereas those originating in the liver and other organs, having no direct anatomical connection with the urinary tract, circulate in the blood (histaemia) before passing the glomerular filter into the urine (Antoine et al, 1969;Durst et al, 1971). It is obvious that the latter route of elimination also holds true for the urinary excretion of AFP.…”

Studies on Human Proteinuria. Ii. Some Characteristics of the Gamma Globulins Excreted in Normal, Exercise, Postural, and Nephrotic Proteinuria*

“…In 1951 Rigas and Heller (3) found the total 24-hour output of protein to be 39 mg, and since then estimations of up to 150 mg per 24 hours have been made (4). Part of this protein is derived from the urinary tract (5) and part from the serum (6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11), from 14 and 20 serum components being found by immunoelectrophoresis (10).…”

Studies on the Origins of ‘Tissue’ Antigens and Enzymes in Normal Human Urine

“…[2] confirmed the existence of numerous nonplasma urinary antigens, while Antoine and Neveu [3] report ed detecting 'tissue' antigens in normal and pathological urines ('histuria'). The source of the 'tissue' components detected with antiserum to urine was investigated by G rant [20]. and they appeared to originate in the genito-urinary tract.…”