The protective effects of aqueous extract of Carica papaya seeds in paracetamol induced nephrotoxicity in male wistar rats

Naggayi, Madinah; Mukiibi, Nozmo F. B.; Ezekiel, Iliya

doi:10.4314/ahs.v15i2.37

Cited by 48 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Nephroprotective effect of CPLE demonstrated in the present study is in partial agreement with results of Nwangwa [ 36 ] who reported that C. papaya seed extract protected kidney in CCl 4 -model, in terms of decrement of urea, creatinine, and electrolytes except potassium. These results are also parallel to those of Madinah et al [ 37 ] who reported that C. papaya seed extract protected kidney in paracetamol-induced nephrotoxicity model in terms of decrement of urea, uric acid, and creatinine.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Novel and classical renal biomarkers as evidence for the nephroprotective effect ofCarica papayaleaf extract

Gheith

El-Mahmoudy

2018

Bioscience Reports

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The present study is aimed at utilization of novel and classical kidney function biomarkers to evaluate the nephroprotective potential of Carica papaya leaf extract (CPLE) in gentamicin nephrotoxicity model in albino rats. The used classical biomarkers were urea and creatinine; while the new biomarkers were Kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) and Clusterin. Forty-five male albino rats were assigned into five groups and subjected to different treatments for nine consecutive days (vehicles; gentamicin, 100 mg/kg, subcutaneously; ascorbic acid, 200 mg/kg, orally; CPLE, 150 and 300 mg/kg b wt., orally). Three rats/group were killed on days 3, 6, and 9 for blood and tissue samples for renal and oxidation markers. Gentamicin resulted in significant increase in urea and creatinine only by the end of the experimental course; while the novel biomarkers were evident as early as 3 days upon gentamicin injection. When concurrently administered with gentamicin, CPLE significantly protected kidney tissues against gentamicin nephrotoxic effects indicated by decrement of both the novel and the classical standard biomarkers, in a dose-dependent manner. CPLE-mediated protection was attributed to its antioxidant potential indicated by significant inhibition of malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in both serum and kidney homogenates. The results were further supported by histopathological examination that revealed considerable amelioration of the pathological microscopic alterations induced by repeated gentamicin injection. Phytochemical analysis of CPLE indicated presence of tannins and flavonoids. These data may suggest CPLE, based on improvement of both classical and novel renal markers, as a highly potent nephroprotective and antioxidant from natural source that could be a good remedy in conditions associated with renal disorders.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Novel and classical renal biomarkers as evidence for the nephroprotective effect ofCarica papayaleaf extract

Gheith

El-Mahmoudy

2018

Bioscience Reports

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“…N -acetyl-p-aminophenol (APAP), acetaminophen, is one of the widely used and most popular drugs for the therapy of pain and fever (Madinah et al, 2015). Although APAP is considered as a safe drug, its overdose could result in severe liver and kidney injuries, and even death (Kandemir et al, 2017;Bektur et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…APAP is especially dangerous on the liver when it is taken over long periods (Sarumathy, 2011). Although kidney injury is less common than liver injury in APAP overdose, acute renal failure and tubular damage can occur even in the absence of liver toxicity (Madinah et al, 2015). The liver, and to a lesser extent the kidney and intestine, are the major organs implicated in the metabolism of APAP (Bessems and Vermeulen, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydroethanolic Extract, Naringin and Naringenin in N-Acetyl-P-aminophenol-administered Wistar Rats

Ahmed¹,

Fahim²,

Ahmed³

et al. 2018

Adv. Anim. Vet. Sci.

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The purpose of present study was to assess the nephropreventive and antioxidant effects of navel orange peel hydroethanolic extract, naringin and naringenin in N-acetyl-p-aminophenol (APAP)-administered male Wistar rats. APAP was administered at dose 0.5 g/kg/b.w. every other day by oral gavage for 4 weeks to male Wistar rats. APAPadministered rats were treated with navel orange peel hydroethanolic extract (50 mg/kg b.w.), naringin (20 mg/kg b.w.) and naringenin (20 mg/kg b.w.) every other day by oral gavage during the same period of APAP administration. The treatment of APAP-administered rats with navel orange peel extract, naringin and naringenin significantly improved the kidney function manifested by a significant decrease in the elevated serum urea, uric acid and creatinine levels. In association, the deteriorated kidney histological changes represented by congestion, hypertrophied glomerulus, vacuolization of the endothelial cells lining the glomerular tuft and interstitial nephritis in APAP-administered rats were remarkably amended. The elevated kidney lipid peroxidation and the lowered glutathione content as well as the suppressed antioxidant enzymes activities were significantly ameliorated. In conclusion, the navel orange peel hydroethanolic extract, naringin and naringenin have improvement effects on kidney function and structural integrity which may be mediated at least in part to via their antioxidant efficiencies.

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“…On the other hand, coumarins (secondary metabolites produced in the phenylpropanoid route) are a type of phytoalexins of great importance in the defense of plants that inhibit the growth of phytopathogenic fungi during fruit maturity, having a close relationship of these compounds with the resistance of the plant to fungal diseases [7,55]. Madinah et al [56] presented results of the phytochemical analysis of the aqueous extract of papaya seed showing a greater abundance of the phenolic compounds, flavonoids, tannins, and alkaloids. Gavamukulya et al [57] reported the content of alkaloids, terpenoids, phytosterols, phenols, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and anthraquinones in aqueous extracts of soursop leaf, which differs from the results of this research due to the absence of alkaloids and coumarins.…”

Section: Qualitative and Quantitative Phytochemical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Fungal Pathogens of Mango and Soursop Fruits Using Morphological and Molecular Tools and Their Control Using Papaya and Soursop Leaf and Seed Extracts

Hernández-Guerrero

Balois-Morales

Bautista-Rosales

et al. 2020

International Journal of Agronomy

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Fruit and vegetable products are susceptible to the attack of fungi during postharvest handling. Chemical fungicides are the most commonly used technique to control fungal diseases. However, an alternative product is the use of plant extracts, which have been reported in in vitro and in vivo conditions. The objective of this investigation was to identify one of the main pathogens of mango and soursop fruits using morphological and molecular tools as well as to evaluate the in vitro inhibitory effect of papaya and soursop leaf and seed extracts. Two pathogens were isolated and identified by their morphological and molecular characteristics from mango and soursop fruits. We obtained extracts from leaves and seeds of soursop and papaya using five solvents of increasing polarity (hexane, acetone, ethanol, methanol, and water) through the ultrasound-assisted extraction technique at a frequency of 35 kHz and 160 W for 14 min. In vitro evaluations of the extracts were performed using the Kirby–Bauer technique. The extracts with the highest percentage of inhibition were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively using standardized techniques of colorimetry and spectrophotometry. Furthermore, we determined the content of total phenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, anthraquinones, coumarins, and saponins. As a result, we identified the pathogens as Colletotrichum fructicola and Nectria haematococca. Aqueous extracts (water as a solvent) showed a higher percentage of inhibition of both pathogens compared with the other extracts. Furthermore, the aqueous extract of papaya leaf was the most effective among all extracts. The aqueous papaya leaf extract exhibited a percentage of inhibition of 49.86% for C. fructicola and 47.89% for N. haematococca. The aqueous extracts of papaya leaf and seed (AqEPL and AqEPS) presented the greatest amount of metabolites (except anthraquinones and coumarins). The aqueous soursop leaf extract (AqESL) presented the greatest amount of phenols, tannins, and flavonoids (219.14 ± 8.52 mg GAE/L, 159.84 ± 10 mg GAE/g dm and 0.13 ± 1.12 × 10−4, respectively). The aqueous soursop seed extract (AqESS) had the highest saponin content with 1.2 ± 0.1 mg QSES/g dm and the papaya leaf accusative extract (AqEPL) had the highest alkaloid content (6.413 ± 1 × 10−3 mg AE/g dm) compared with the other extracts. The AqESS had a lower content of secondary metabolites (sterols, alkaloids, and saponins), while AqESL showed no presence of alkaloids and coumarins.

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The protective effects of aqueous extract of Carica papaya seeds in paracetamol induced nephrotoxicity in male wistar rats

Cited by 48 publications

References 20 publications

Novel and classical renal biomarkers as evidence for the nephroprotective effect ofCarica papayaleaf extract

Novel and classical renal biomarkers as evidence for the nephroprotective effect ofCarica papayaleaf extract

Hydroethanolic Extract, Naringin and Naringenin in N-Acetyl-P-aminophenol-administered Wistar Rats

Identification of Fungal Pathogens of Mango and Soursop Fruits Using Morphological and Molecular Tools and Their Control Using Papaya and Soursop Leaf and Seed Extracts

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