Hydroethanolic Extract, Naringin and Naringenin in N-Acetyl-P-aminophenol-administered Wistar Rats

Abstract

The purpose of present study was to assess the nephropreventive and antioxidant effects of navel orange peel hydroethanolic extract, naringin and naringenin in N-acetyl-p-aminophenol (APAP)-administered male Wistar rats. APAP was administered at dose 0.5 g/kg/b.w. every other day by oral gavage for 4 weeks to male Wistar rats. APAPadministered rats were treated with navel orange peel hydroethanolic extract (50 mg/kg b.w.), naringin (20 mg/kg b.w.) and naringenin (20 mg/kg b.w.) every other day by oral gavage during the same period of APAP administration. The treatment of APAP-administered rats with navel orange peel extract, naringin and naringenin significantly improved the kidney function manifested by a significant decrease in the elevated serum urea, uric acid and creatinine levels. In association, the deteriorated kidney histological changes represented by congestion, hypertrophied glomerulus, vacuolization of the endothelial cells lining the glomerular tuft and interstitial nephritis in APAP-administered rats were remarkably amended. The elevated kidney lipid peroxidation and the lowered glutathione content as well as the suppressed antioxidant enzymes activities were significantly ameliorated. In conclusion, the navel orange peel hydroethanolic extract, naringin and naringenin have improvement effects on kidney function and structural integrity which may be mediated at least in part to via their antioxidant efficiencies.

Preventive Effects of Mandarin Fruit Peel Hydroethanolic Extract, Hesperidin, and Quercetin on Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatonephrotoxicity in Wistar Rats

“…An increase in hepatic and renal LPO and a reduction in GSH content, as well as GPx, GST, and SOD activities, were both significantly induced by NAPAP administration in the current investigation, which encouraged disturbance of the oxidant/antioxidant state. These results are consistent with those from other publications [14,16,23,103]. The 14 Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity hazardous metabolite NAPQI, a byproduct of NAPAP that has a strong affinity for GSH and depletes it, may accumulate as a result of the enhanced oxidative stress, at least in part [104].…”

“…After filtering the hydroethanolic extract via Whatman filter paper, it was evaporated on a rotary evaporator with decreased pressure to produce the viscous residue, which was the MPHE [15,23,30,34]. The MPHE, hesperidin, and quercetin dosages were dissolved in 1% carboxymethylcellulose (CMC).…”

“…Group 2 (NAPAP group): every other day for 4 weeks, 0.5 g/kg b.w. of NAPAP (dissolved in distilled water) was administered per os [15,23,35]. Additionally, throughout the same duration, the rats in this group received an equivalent volume of 1 percent CMC (5 ml/kg b.w.)…”

“…Common antioxidants called flavonoids are found in foods with a plant origin and have a wide range of biological effects on different mammalian cell systems both in vivo and in vitro [15,16,21]. Citrus fruit extracts are rich in flavonoids and have strong antifree radical effects [22][23][24]. Citrus fruits contain the active flavonoid hesperidin, which possesses antiinflammatory and antioxidant properties [25].…”

Naringin and Hesperidin Counteract Diclofenac‐Induced Hepatotoxicity in Male Wistar Rats via Their Antioxidant, Anti‐Inflammatory, and Antiapoptotic Activities

“…The daily ingested fruits and vegetables are rich sources of both nutrients such as carbohydrate, vitamins, and minerals, and nonnutritive constituents, particularly polyphenols including flavonoids and phenolic acids [ 40 ]. Flavonoids especially flavanones, which contain hesperidin and naringin, are well known for their antioxidant properties and as health-promoting molecules with multifunctional biological activities; they had been shown to attenuate inflammation, to quench active oxygen species [ 41 ] and to prevent liver, kidney, and heart toxicities as well as several forms of cancer [ 42 – 44 ].…”