“…NS oil, thymoquinone or α-hederin showed anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects in seven studies (Abbas et al, 2005, Balaha et al, 2012, El Gazzar et al, 2006, Mansour and Tornhamre, 2004, Saadat et al, 2015, Saleh et al, 2012, Shahzad et al, 2009). NS extracts, thymoquinone or α-hederin demonstrated a bronchodilatory or relaxant effect in six studies (Abd El Aziz et al, 2011, Al-Majed et al, 2001, Boskabady et al, 2008, Gilani et al, 2001, Keyhanmanesh et al, 2013, Saadat et al, 2015). The anti-histaminic effect was shown in four studies used NS oil/aqueous extract, nigellone or α-hederin (Abd El Aziz et al, 2011, Chakravarty, 1993, Saadat et al, 2015, Saleh et al, 2012).…”