The Protective Effect of Marriage for Survival: A Review and Update

Rendall, Michael S.; Weden, Margaret M.; Favreault, Melissa M.; Waldron, Hilary

doi:10.1007/s13524-011-0032-5

Cited by 364 publications

(376 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…11 Several studies have also shown that the risk of mortality in the general population is lower for married patients. [17][18][19] The mechanism for this survival advantage is unknown. It is possible that married patients have better social support and more financial resources than single patients, which can lead to improved compliance with treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Racial disparities in papillary thyroid microcarcinoma survival

Megwalu

Saini

2016

J. Laryngol. Otol.

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Objective: To evaluate the impact of race on survival in patients with papillary thyroid microcarcinoma.Methods: The study cohort included 17 668 patients diagnosed with papillary thyroid microcarcinoma between 1988 and 2009, identified in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results 18 database of the National Cancer Institute.Results: Black patients had lower overall survival than other racial groups ( p < 0.001). Black patients had significantly worse overall survival (hazard ratio = 2.59) after adjusting for sex, marital status, age, year of diagnosis, multifocal disease and type of surgery. A subset analysis of Black patients revealed no significant difference in overall survival for total thyroidectomy versus lobectomy ( p = 0.15).Conclusion: Black race is a negative prognostic factor in thyroid cancer, which cannot be explained by advanced disease stage. Further research on mechanisms by which race affects survival is needed to reveal areas of opportunity for interventions aimed at reducing health disparities in cancer care.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Racial disparities in papillary thyroid microcarcinoma survival

Megwalu

Saini

2016

J. Laryngol. Otol.

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“…A review of the effect of marriage on survival broadly (Rendall et al 2011) found little or no differences between never married, separated/divorced, and widowed statuses. A study of lung cancer in Japan found no significant increased risk of death in widowed female lung cancer patients compared to married patients, and no significant increased risk of death for separated/divorced male or female patients compared to married patients although widowed males patients had increased risk of death (HR 1.7; 95% CI = 1.2-2.5) (Saito-Nakaya et al 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent and growing literature suggests that psychological factors and the presence or absence of social support may be an important factor influencing the course of cancer (Ikeda et al 2013;Pinquart & Duberstein 2010;Cassileth et al 1988;Rendall et al 2011); this has been shown to be especially strong for breast cancer (Falagas et al 2007;Nausheen et al 2009). There have been mixed results in the literature regarding the specific association of lung cancer survival and marital status.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Marital status and its effect on lung cancer survival

Wang¹,

Koru‐Sengul²,

Tannenbaum³

et al. 2013

PsycEXTRA Dataset

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Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine if marital status, including specific types of single status categories, is associated with length of survival in lung cancer patients.Methods: Data from the 1996-2007 Florida Cancer Data System were linked with Agency for Health Care Administration data and U.S. Census data. Patients with both small cell and non-small cell lung cancer were identified (n = 161,228). Marital status was characterized by married, widowed, separated/divorced, and never married. We compared median survival time and 1, 3, and 5-year post diagnosis survival rates. Results: Overall, 54.6% were married, 19.1% were widowed, 13.5% were separated/divorced, and 12.7% had never married. Median survival in months was longest for married (9.9) and widowed (7.7) patients, and shortest for never married (4.9) and separated/divorced (4.1) patients. Five-year survival rates were 14.2% for married, 10.7% for widowed, 8.9% for separated/divorced, and 8.4% for never married. In univariate Cox regression, marital status was a significant predictor of better survival for married (HR = 0.70; p < 0.001) and widowed (HR = 0.81; p < 0.001) patients compared with never married patients, but worse for separated/divorced patients (HR = 1.03; p = 0.003). Multivariate models demonstrated sustained survival benefits for married (HR = 0.86; p < 0.001) and widowed (HR = 0.88; p < 0.001) patients, and detriments for separated/divorced patients (HR = 1.05; p < 0.001) after adjusting for extensive confounders including demographics; tumor stage, grade, and morphology; comorbidities; treatment; and smoking status.Conclusions: Our study demonstrated that married or widowed lung cancer patients have better survival compared to patients who were never married or separated/divorced. Research to understand the mechanism of this effect, and how the beneficial effect can be extended to those who have never married or have had the marital relationship severed through divorce or separation is needed.

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“…The marriage selection effect (Goldman 1993) is the reduced likelihood that less healthy individuals will marry. Marriage is also found to be protective insofar as partners can help each other economically, emotionally, and in diverse aspects of everyday life (Rendall et al 2011). Lillard and Panis (1996) discuss adverse selection when unhealthy men tend to remarry in order to regain the protective support of marriage.…”

Section: Background and Objectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences by union status in health and mortality at older ages: Results for 16 European countries

Philipov¹,

Scherbov²

2016

DemRes

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BACKGROUNDMarried people live longer than the unmarried; micro-level research indicates that they enjoy better health. Macro-level research does not combine mortality, marital status, and health. OBJECTIVEWe provide international comparisons of healthy and unhealthy life years at ages 50 and higher combining mortality, marital status, and health. METHODSWe examine differences in healthy and unhealthy life years for married and cohabiting (i.e., partnered) and for single men and women and break these down into mortality and disability. EU-SILC and Eurostat data for 2011 are used for 16 European countries. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONSOur analyses show that partnered people, both men and women, are healthier than singles. However, these differences in unhealthy life are varied. For the length of healthy life, the effect of disability dominates the effect of mortality for women strongly and for men weakly, while the effect of mortality is more important for the length of unhealthy life of women. Populations in Eastern Europe are more disadvantaged than those in Western Europe with respect to length of life and of healthy life; these differences are larger for singles and lower for the partnered. CONTRIBUTIONWe extend previous macro-level studies on healthy and unhealthy life at older ages by introducing the additional dimension of partner status. We provide rich information in

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The Protective Effect of Marriage for Survival: A Review and Update

Cited by 364 publications

References 64 publications

Racial disparities in papillary thyroid microcarcinoma survival

Racial disparities in papillary thyroid microcarcinoma survival

Marital status and its effect on lung cancer survival

Differences by union status in health and mortality at older ages: Results for 16 European countries

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