The Prospect of Physiological Events Associated with the Micropropagation of Eucalyptus sp.

Abstract

Micropropagation is a reliable technique in biotechnology and genetic engineering domain, which has been widely applied for rapid mass propagation of plants in vitro condition. Through micropropagation techniques, reproduction of plants can be attained from different explants using organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis. Over the decades, micropropagation techniques have offered tremendous potential for forest tree improvement. Eucalyptus is a woody plant species recalcitrant to in vitro culture. In general, the micropropagation of Eucalyptus culture processes and the genotype, environment surroundings, and age of explants in culture media is frequently linked with the occurrence of micropropagation variation. In the current review paper, an update of the most important physiological and molecular phenomena aspects of Eucalyptus micropropagation was linked to the most profound information. To achieve the mentioned target, the effect of plant growth regulators (PGRs), nutrients, other adjuvant and environmental features, as well as genetic interaction with morpho- and physiological mechanisms was studied from the induction to plant acclimatisation. On the other hand, important mechanisms behind the organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis of Eucalyptus are discussed. The information of current review paper will help researchers in choosing the optimum condition based on the scenario behind the tissue culture technique of Eucalyptus. However, more studies are required to identify and overcome some of the crucial bottlenecks in this economically important forest species to establish efficient micropropagation protocol at the industrial level.

ACTIVATED CHARCOAL APPLICATION FOR THE MICROPROPAGATION OF Cattleya crispata (Thunb.) Van den Berg

“…The addition of activated charcoal to the culture medium increases the adsorption of substances -such as phenols and ethylene -that inhibit plant development, as well as minimizes the toxicity of plant growth regulators or of exogenous substances with harming effect, which contributes to greater shoots proliferation and explant in vitro growth (SARTOR et al, 2013;ABIRI et al, 2020), as observed in the present study.…”

“…With respect to the negative effects of activated charcoal supplementation, it is possible highlighting the adsorption of growth regulators (auxins and cytokinins), vitamins and of other organic substances important for explant in vitro development and growth. Activated charcoal also naturally releases substances that are found on, or adsorbed by, it (ABIRI et al, 2020;CORBELLINI et al, 2020).…”

Toward a Better Understanding of Metal Nanoparticles, a Novel Strategy from Eucalyptus Plants

“…Eucalyptus has tremendous benefits, as this genus has great economic importance due to its fast-growing nature [ 62 ], tolerance to biotic stress conditions [ 5 ], and versatile uses of its essential oils [ 70 ]. Eucalyptus essential oils have aromatic scents and can be extracted from various species of Eucalyptus [ 71 ].…”

“…The earliest discussion of the possible consequences of nanotechnology can be traced back to 1986, when Eric Drexler developed some nanotechnology techniques along with other technological advances [ 3 ]. Over the past years, the advances of nanotechnology have been significantly sparked in the fields of medical, agriculture, and forestry [ 4 , 5 , 6 ]. To develop an efficient synthesis of nanoparticles (NPs), different biological, chemical, and physical strategies have been applied [ 7 , 8 ].…”

“…Interestingly, green synthesis and the characterization of green MNPs have been applied using plant resources supplemented with different metals including zinc (Zn), silver (Ag), selenium (Se) [ 8 ], titanium (Ti), platinum (Pt) [ 17 ], nickel (Ni), gold (Au), and copper (Cu) [ 5 ]. The plant-based MNPs offer different properties such as antioxidant [ 18 ], anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic [ 19 ], anticancer, antimicrobial, and immunomodulatory ones [ 20 ].…”