The properties of some emulsifiers in the digestive fluids of invertebrates

Vonk, H. J.

doi:10.1016/0010-406x(69)91755-1

Cited by 17 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…do not form bile salts. Instead they use fatty acids as a base to form fatty acyl-sarcosyl-taurines, which are detergent-like emulsifiers that are analogues to the vertebrate bile salts (Vonk, 1969;Lester et al, 1975).…”

Section: Wax Estersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemical changes associated with embryonic and larval development in the American lobster Homarus americanus Milne Edwards

Sasaki¹

1984

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Section: Wax Estersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemical changes associated with embryonic and larval development in the American lobster Homarus americanus Milne Edwards

Sasaki¹

1984

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“…The structure of digestive surfactants appears to be very similar throughout the arthropod phylum and, on the other hand, distinctly different from vertebrate surfactants. As opposed to vertebrates, arthropods are in general incapable of endogenous sterol synthesis (Zandee, 1967;Holwerda and Vonk, 1973), therefore the hydrophobic part of the surfactant molecule is represented by a fatty acid chain instead of the cholic acid derivatives (van den Oord et al, 1965;Vonk, 1969;Holwerda and Vonk, 1973;Collatz and Mommsen, 1974;Tumlinson and Lait, 2005;Mori and Yoshinaga, 2011). The structure of the surfactants' polar head group in arthropods varies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The structure of the surfactants' polar head group in arthropods varies. It may consist of a sulphate group, such as in Chinese mitten crab, Eriocheir sinensis (Vonk, 1969), or of different combinations of amino acids or related compounds (such as sarcosine and taurine) in different crustacean, insect and spider species (van den Oord et al, 1965;Holwerda and Vonk, 1973;Collatz and Mommsen, 1974;Tumlinson and Lait, 2005;Mori and Yoshinaga, 2011). The arthropod surfactants may be either anionic or zwitterionic.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the information about these two parameters is scarce due to the challenging analysis of digestive juice composition, because only small volumes of juices are present in most arthropod species. To the best of our knowledge, the total concentration and the CMC of arthropod surfactants have so far been quantified only in decapod crustaceans Cancer pagurus (Vonk, 1969), Homarus vulgaris and Astacus leptodactylus (Holwerda and Vonk, 1973). The most likely reason for the lack of data on surfactants in arthropod digestive juices is that for this purpose methods including ion-exchange chromatography, gel filtration, acid hydrolysis, thin-layer chromatography and amino acid analysis were used which demand complex sample preparation and separations before analyses (Vonk, 1969;Holwerda and Vonk, 1973).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To the best of our knowledge, the total concentration and the CMC of arthropod surfactants have so far been quantified only in decapod crustaceans Cancer pagurus (Vonk, 1969), Homarus vulgaris and Astacus leptodactylus (Holwerda and Vonk, 1973). The most likely reason for the lack of data on surfactants in arthropod digestive juices is that for this purpose methods including ion-exchange chromatography, gel filtration, acid hydrolysis, thin-layer chromatography and amino acid analysis were used which demand complex sample preparation and separations before analyses (Vonk, 1969;Holwerda and Vonk, 1973). For insects, such as lepidopteran larvae (Manduca sexta, Lymantria dyspar) and grasshoppers (Schistocerca gregaria), as well as for isopods (Porcellio scaber), the exact quantification of 5 the total surfactant concentration has not been attempted and their concentrations were expressed as multiples of (an unidentified value of) CMC (Martin and Martin, 1984;Martin et al, 1987;DeVeau and Schultz, 1992;Zimmer, 1997), which was measured by tensiometry according to the method of Ferguson (1933).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A novel approach to the measurement of surfactant parameters in arthropod digestive juices

Romih

Kogej

Drobne

2016

Journal of Insect Physiology

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In arthropods, the determination of two important parameters of digestive juices, i.e. the total surfactant concentration and the critical micelle concentration (CMC), is challenging due to small sample volumes and low surfactant concentrations. In this work, we report a successful implementation of potentiometric titrations using the surfactant ion-selective electrode (SISE) and the pyrene fluorescence method (PFM) for the determination of the total surfactant concentration and CMC in the digestive juice of terrestrial isopod crustaceans Porcellio scaber. Pooled digestive juice extracts of four (SISE) or two (PFM) animals were used per measurement run. In both cases, digestive juice extracts in 100 μL of deionized water were sufficient for one measurement run. The total surfactant concentration of P. scaber digestive juice was determined to be 9.2 ± 3.5mM and the CMC was approximately 90 μM. Our work presents an important improvement towards easy CMC determination in small volume samples in comparison with the commonly used stalagmometric technique, where much larger sample volumes are usually needed. To date, the total surfactant concentration was not measured in the digestive juices of arthropods other than Homarus vulgaris, Astacus leptodactylus and Cancer pagurus, for which complex separation and analytical techniques were required. Our results obtained by SISE and PFM therefore present the first successful quantification of surfactants and their CMC in small volumes of arthropod digestive juice without prior separation or purification techniques.

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Surfactants: their role in preventing the precipitation of proteins by tannins in insect guts

Martin

1984

Oecologia

140

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Much more tannic acid or pin oak tannin is required to precipitate the abundant leaf protein, ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBPC), from Manduca sexta gut fluid adjusted to pH 6.5 than is required to precipitate this protein from an aqueous buffer at the same pH. This finding demonstrates that some characteristic of M. sexta gut fluid, in addition to its basicity, counteracts the potential of tannins to precipitate ingested proteins. Gut fluid of M. sexta has a surface tension of 36-39 dynes/cm, indicating the presence of surfactants. Lysolecithin and linoleoylglycine, surfactants known to be present in insect gut fluids, also interfere with the precipitation of RuBPC by tannins at pH 6.5. It is concluded that detergency is a widespread property of insect gut fluids that counteracts the potential of tannins to precipitate die ary proteins, and it is argued that there is no longer any justification for continuing to refer to tannins as digestibility-reducing-substances. Finding that there has been no formidable barrier to the evolution of mechanisms that counter a generalized antidigestive action by tannins is difficult to reconcile with the idea that reduced digestibility is an evolved anti-herbivore adaptation of apparent plants.

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The properties of some emulsifiers in the digestive fluids of invertebrates

Cited by 17 publications

References 17 publications

Biochemical changes associated with embryonic and larval development in the American lobster Homarus americanus Milne Edwards

Biochemical changes associated with embryonic and larval development in the American lobster Homarus americanus Milne Edwards

A novel approach to the measurement of surfactant parameters in arthropod digestive juices

Surfactants: their role in preventing the precipitation of proteins by tannins in insect guts

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