The projective assessment of narcissism: Development, reliability, and validity of the N-P.

Shulman, Dennis G.; McCarthy, Elizabeth C.; Ferguson, George R.

doi:10.1037/0736-9735.5.3.285

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…More generally, however, this study further demonstrates that psychoanalytic theorizing can be confirmed empirically by using fairly standard measurement and statistical methodologies. As Shulman et al (1988) recently argued, "It is clear that the time has come for the rigors of scientific method to be applied to the major psychoanalytic controversies" (p. 286). Obstacles, no doubt, will have to be overcome.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Narcissism and parenting styles.

Watson¹,

Little²,

Biderman³

1992

Psychoanalytic Psychology

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Baumrind's authoritative, permissive, and authoritarian parenting styles were analyzed within the context of Kohut's psychology of the self. College student perceptions of their parents were correlated with measures of self-functioning in order to test the hypotheses that perceived parental authoritativeness would be associated with less narcissistic maladjustment, that permissiveness would be associated with immature grandiosity, and that authoritarianism would correlate with inadequate idealization. All three suggestions received empirical support. In addition, authoritarianism seemed to be associated with less immature grandiosity, and parenting characteristics of the mother were more strongly correlated with self-development than were those of ihe father. That the family crucially affects the self is a commonplace social scientific assumption not limited to psychoanalysis. Baumrind's (e.g., 1966, 1975, 1983) research into authoritative, permissive, and authoritarian parenting styles illustrates how developmental psychologists have sought to clarify the tie between parenting and the traits of children. Most simplistically, authoritativeness combines control and limit setting with warmth and nurturance and generally fosters children who are "mature. .. socially responsible and assertive" (Baumnnd, 1973, p. 8). Overemphasis on nurturance at the expense of appropriate control defines a permissiveness that is associated with "immature" children more likely to have problems with self-control and selfreliance. Authoritarian parents are opposite to the permissive pattern in exerting strong control with little warmth. Their "disaffiliated" youth (1973, p. 8) appear to be unhappy, socially withdrawn, and lacking in trust (1983, p. 121).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Narcissism and parenting styles.

Watson¹,

Little²,

Biderman³

1992

Psychoanalytic Psychology

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“…In particular, corporate psychopaths are driven to climb the organizational hierarchy because of their love of money and power (Boddy, 2006). Similarly, narcissists have a love of money due to their drive to gain power and sense of entitlement (e.g., Allio, 2007;Maccoby, 2000;Shulman et al, 1988). Tang and Chen (2008) also found that a love of money is positively related to Machiavellianism.…”

Section: The Love Of Moneymentioning

confidence: 91%

Status Differentiation and the Protean Self: A Social-Cognitive Model of Unethical Behavior in Organizations

2010

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Based on social-cognitive theory, this article proposes a model that seeks to explain why high status organizational members engage in unethical behavior. We argue that status differentiation in organizations creates social isolation which initiates activation of high status group identity and a deactivation of moral identity. We further argue that high status group identity results in insensitivity to the needs of out-group members which, in turn, results in lessened motivation to selfregulate ethical decision making. As a result of this identity activation, we demonstrate how high status individuals will be more vulnerable to engaging in unethical activities. Individual-level moderators of the relationships are also discussed.

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“…Narcissism was assessed with the Narcissistic Personality Inventory (NPI; Raskin & Terry, 1988; Shulman & Ferguson, 1988), a 40-item self-report questionnaire designed to measure individual differences in narcissism as a personality trait. The construction of the inventory was based on Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (American Psychiatric Association [DSM-IV-TR], 2000) criteria for Narcissistic Personality Disorder (NPD).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%