The production of Zn from ZnO in a high-temperature solar decomposition quench process—I. The scientific framework for the process

Palumbo, Robert; Lédé, Jacques; Boutin, Olivier; Ricart, E.E.; Steinfeld, Aldo; Möller, Stephan; Weidenkaff, Anke; Fletcher, Edward A.; Bielicki, Jeffrey M.

doi:10.1016/s0009-2509(98)00063-3

Cited by 162 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The ZnO/Zn as well as the Fe 3 O 4 /FeO redox pair have already been analyzed and tested in solar reactors [65,66,69,[71][72][73][74]. Both systems require the quenching of the reduction products in order to prevent re-oxidation.…”

Section: Thermochemical Cycles Under Considerationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functioning devices for solar to fuel conversion

Mul¹,

Schacht²,

Swaaij³

et al. 2012

Chemical Engineering and Processing: Process Intensification

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a b s t r a c tThis paper provides a perspective on the technologies capable of converting solar energy, CO 2 and H 2 O into an easy to use fuel. The paper addresses bio-based approaches, but mainly focuses on (i) the combination of photovoltaic (PV) devices and electrocatalysis, (ii) single unit operation by photocatalytic conversion, and (iii) solar thermal conversion. Each option is described in a general manner, including a brief evaluation of the advantages and disadvantages. Also suggestions for future research endeavours are given. Based on the used literature data, for electrocatalytic and photocatalytic technologies, dramatic improvements should be made in material optimization, as well as reactor design and operation. Large efficiency gains are necessary to enable use of these technologies in practice. Solar thermal conversion is more mature, and requires specific optimization in processing, as will be discussed.

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Section: Thermochemical Cycles Under Considerationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functioning devices for solar to fuel conversion

Mul¹,

Schacht²,

Swaaij³

et al. 2012

Chemical Engineering and Processing: Process Intensification

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…[9][10][11][12] The goal from both activities is to develop science and technology for reducing society's demand for fossil. The work is focused on the development of solar chemical reactors that operate at temperatures from 1200 -2200 K. Physical chemistry questions with regard to the mechanisms and rates of decomposition and re-oxidation reactions are being investigated [13,14].…”

Section: Fuel Production and Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[10][11][12] An example of a sunlight to fuels process under investigation is the development of a process for the direct thermal decomposition of ZnO to its elements. [9] In this process, concentrated sunlight provides hightemperature process heat for the endothermic reaction ZnO → Zn + 0.5O 2 .…”

Section: Fuel Production and Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The role of chemical processes in the transition to sustainable energy systems

2003

Fuel and Energy Abstracts

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Chemical science and engineering play a central role in improving the eco-efficiency of energy services, be it by optimizing fossil fuel utilization from the source to the sinks, be it by exploring new ways of replacing fossil fuels with renewable ones. Catalytic fuel processing is required for providing clean and easy to convert inputs from contaminated and/or high molecular weight primary resources into efficient energy conversion systems such as advanced combustion engines and fuel cells. The switch from conventional fossil fuel resources to renewables such as solar or biomass requires new approaches in chemical engineering. Efficiency vs. emissions trade-offs for improving the eco-performance of combustion engines need to be optimized with improved understanding of the complex chemistry taking place in flames. New materials for fuel cells and batteries provide a means of making these devices applicable, thereby drastically cutting down on emissions from energy systems. Chemistry is not only involved in fuel processing and conversion, but it is also important at the end of the pipe, i.e. in catalytic emission control devices, in the treatment of hazardous residues from the incineration of waste materials, and in the complex interactions of air pollutants with the biosphere.

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“…Este ciclo foi estudado teoricamente e experimentalmente por Palumbo et al (1998). No estudo teórico analisaram o equilibro químico e a cinética química, para obter a eficiência teórica máxima, que foi superior a 35%.…”

Section: Figura 26 -Diagrama Com O Esquema Do Arranjo Experimental Eunclassified

Estudo experimental do processo de oxidação do ferro com vapor de água para a produção de gás hidrogênio.

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AgradecimentosOs agradecimentos principais são direcionados ao Prof. Dr. José Roberto Simões Moreira pela orientação e ao Prof. Dr. Marcelo Breda Mourão pela ajuda e direcionamento deste trabalho. Ao técnico do SISEA Thyago Reynaldo e para os técnicos do PMT Lívio, Danilo, Rafael e Rubens pela ajuda. Aos colegas do laboratório LM 2 C 2 César, LinaMaria, Matheus e o estagiário Gustavo pela ajuda. Aos meus colegas e (Ex)-integrantes do laboratório SISEA Bruno, Eli, Erick, Beethoven, Adrienne, Bernardo e pelo apoio e dedicação. A todos amigos e colegas pelo apoio. Finalmente, agradeço à minha família, pelo apoio e a minha namorada Pamela Jordana pelo companheirismo e paciência. À CAPES pela concessão da bolsa de mestrado para a realização desta pesquisa. ResumoNeste trabalho, foi estudado a oxidação do ferro com vapor d'água em forno elétrico, para a produção de gás hidrogênio. Partindo-se da revisão bibliográfica, escolheu-se o ferro devido suas propriedades e por apresentar um bom rendimento, além disso o ferro é um material barato e abundante. Na estudo experimental foi três experimentos diferentes. No primeiro, o ferro foi oxidado em forno elétrico em temperaturas de 600 a 1000• C, variando a cada 100• C, e tempo fixado em 3 horas. Na segunda série de experimento, foi fixado a temperatura em 800• C e variou a duração do processo de oxidação de 1 a 4 horas, com variação de 1 hora. E na terceira série de experimentos foi realizado a análise termogravimétrica para avaliação da cinética química do processo de oxidação. Os resultados dos experimentos indicaram a produção de gás hidrogênio em quantidades maiores em temperatura de 1000• C. Além disso foi possível observar que a taxa de oxidação do ferro é maior durante a primeira hora de ensaio. A estimativa de hidrogênio produzido é de 0,9549 g/min − m 2 em oxidação a 1000• C. Já nos resultados da termogravimetria foi obtido a energia de ativação de 147 kJ/mol. Palavras-chaves:Hidrogênio, Oxidação de ferro, Ciclos termoquímicos, Combustível solar. AbstractIn this work was studied the oxidation of iron by steam in the electric furnace to produce hydrogen. The first step was the literature review and iron oxide was chose to be oxidized, due to its characteristics and good yield. Furthermore, the iron is a cheap and abundant in the earth. In the experimental studies was conducted three different experiments. The First one, the iron was oxidized in the electric furnace in the temperature range of 600 -1000• C with a variation of 100 • C and the oxidation time was fixed in 3 hours. The second experiment was conducted with fixed temperature of 800• C and varied the oxidation time, the range of time was from 1 to 4 hours with a variation of 1 hour. The third experiment was the thermogravimetric analysis to study the chemical kinetics, with three different temperature, 600, 800 and 1000• C. The result of studies showed that a high temperature the hydrogen production increased and decreased with low temperature. Furthermore, the high oxidation rate was observed in the first h...

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The production of Zn from ZnO in a high-temperature solar decomposition quench process—I. The scientific framework for the process

Cited by 162 publications

References 29 publications

Functioning devices for solar to fuel conversion

Functioning devices for solar to fuel conversion

The role of chemical processes in the transition to sustainable energy systems

Estudo experimental do processo de oxidação do ferro com vapor de água para a produção de gás hidrogênio.

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