The Production of Sharka Free Propagating Material of Apricots and Peaches in Czech Republic

Abstract

The presence and distribution of PPV-M strain of Plum pox virus were investigated in selected orchards of apricots and peaches in the Czech Republic. PPV-M was found to be distributed in apricot and peach orchards planted with nursery material imported from abroad. The presence of PPV-M was not proved in orchards planted with trees from local nurseries. The absence of PPV-M in a majority of spontaneous PPV hosts was proved previously. PPV-M strain appears to have been introduced recently. K rozšíření kmenu PPV-M ve vybraných sadech meruněk a broskvoní v České republice ABSTRAKT: Ve vybraných sadech meruněk a broskvoní v České republice byla zjišťována přítomnost a rozšíření kmenu PPV-M viru šarky švestky. Bylo zjištěno, že PPV-M je rozšířen v sadech meruňky a broskvoně vysazených školkařským materiálem importovaným ze zahraničí. Přítomnost PPV-M nebyla prokázána v sadech osázených stromy z místních ovocných školek. Již dříve byla prokázána absence kmenu PPV-M ve většině spontánních hostitelů viru šarky švestky. Ukazuje se, že kmen PPV-M byl introdukován nedávno. Klíčová slova: meruňka; broskvoň; sady; virus šarky švestky; kmen PPV-M; rozšíření; ELISA; polyklonální a monoklonální protilátky Corresponding author: Doc. Ing. JAROSLAV POLÁK, DrSc., Výzkumný ústav rostlinné výroby, odbor rostlinolékařství, Drnovská 507, 161 06 Praha 6-Ruzyně, Česká republika tel.: + 420 233 022 402,

Behaviour of apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) cultivars in the presence of sharka (plum pox potyvirus): a review

“…-Controlled infection in the field in Yugoslavia [42], the Czech Republic [38][39][40]46] and in Greece [29] with M strains.…”

“…The use of certified healthy plant material is one of the key elements for orchard protection [30,37,43]. In infected areas, the uprooting of diseased trees avoids uncontrolled spreading, but does not guarantee eradication [16] due to non-persistent aphid transmission and the time elapsing between inoculation and the appearance of symptoms.…”

“…However, the direct use of these cultivars in Europe has been ruled out since they are generally self-incompatible, produce low-quality fruits and have high chilling requirements. For this reason, European efforts have concentrated on obtaining new resistant cultivars [4,22,29,38], and on providing an objective characterisation of the level of resistance of the cultivars in use.…”

Evaluation of the Prunus interspecific progenies for resistance to Plum pox virus

“…Although successful in a few cases, these efforts have generally slowed the progression of PPV, but not stopped it. Management strategies of plum pox are aimed primarily at preventing introduction by use of virus-tested clean nursery stock (Polák et al 1995). Once detected, strict quarantine, eradication and ongoing surveys are the only useful strategies because a tree, once infected, will never be free of the disease.…”