The problem of waste in the Russian Federation

Abstract

This article discusses the problems of environmental safety in the sphere of disposing of domestic and industrial wastes in the environment as one of the most important aspects of sustainable development of society. At present, this problem is one of the top priorities and is being solved at the world level. With the emergence of the consumer nature of society, the issue of waste disposal becomes more acute, requiring immediate solutions on a global scale. At present, the quantity and variety of solid household waste (MSW) in the countries is rapidly increasing. This is typical not only for industry, agriculture, megacities, but also for individual residents. At the beginning of 2014, the Russian Federation accumulated more than 35 billion tons of waste. The problem of garbage is not just a difficulty, but a global environmental challenge. One of the main reasons is that there are no mechanisms for regulating the market for collection and processing of solid domestic waste in Russia. We can also say that there is a shortage of specialists in this field, competent managers capable of establishing the entire chain of waste utilization. In the Russian Federation, this problem is as acute as it is throughout the world. Unauthorized landfills are one of the components of this problem. The state should pay more attention to legal regulation of this issue, engage in environmental and legal culture of citizens in order to prevent the emergence of unauthorized landfills, their prompt liquidation, and protect the constitutional rights of citizens to an environmentally safe environment.

From Bureaucracy to Market? Ongoing Reform and Performance Challenges of Solid Waste Administration in Moscow

“…Russia has since been in a period of continuous economic and legislative reform and the government continues to enact and modify policies in a bid to address the growing challenges of waste management (Kovalenko & Kovalenko, 2018). Nonetheless evidence of a weakened municipal waste management system is still largely evident through the high rate of land-fi lling, unstructured tariff policy and under developed recycling models (Skryhan et al, 2018).…”

“…In 2017 the Federal Service for the Supervision of Natural Resources (Rosprirodnadzor) released Special Order N 242 on the "Federal classifi cation catalogue of waste" 16 . Th is legislature expanded the defi nitions as contained in Order N 786 of December 02, 2002 and the "Amendment to the Federal Waste Classifi cation Catalogue" as contained in Order N 663 of July 30, 2003.…”

“…Also, despite the overwhelming legislative eff ort to streamline waste management, the implementation of general policy provisions is still largely inadequate (Kovalenko & Kovalenko, 2018). 16 Federal Law N 242. URL: http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201706130004 (accessed: 09 June, 2020).…”

Regulation and impact of VOC and CO2 emissions on low‐carbon energy systems resilient to climate change: A case study on an environmental issue in the oil and gas industry

“…For example, the inventory of anthropogenic emissions in Russia shows that the oil and gas industries have a significant impact on the environment 11 . Pashkevich and Petrova propose to create a system of environmental monitoring in the objects under study, following the example of a two‐level structure of automated monitoring of the state of the environment in Russia, with a gasoline engine, biomass combustion, landfills, and waste processing 11,12 …”

Environmental education as a tool of sustainable development of territories

“…The volume of both industrial and municipal wastes in Russia has been steadily increasing in recent years [4]. According to the data available from the Accounts Chamber of Russia (www.ach.gov.ru), in 2014, the size of waste disposal sites covered over 4 mln hectares.…”