The prevalence of oral mucosal lesions and related factors in 188 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus

Abstract

With regard to the high prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in patients with SLE, it is of paramount importance to emphasize early detection of these lesions as a mean of diagnosis of disease and faster initiation of treatment.

Diagnosing oral ulcers

“…14 The lesions' appearance ranges from canker sore-like ulcers to lichenoid, hyperkeratotic, or erosive plaques and papules (Figure 21). 14 Wegener granulomatosis, a necrotizing vasculitis, occasionally can have oral involvement; the characteristic finding is palatal ulceration (Figure 22). Serologic testing for autoantibodies and biopsy can help in diagnosis.…”

Oral Mucosal Lesions as Initial Presentation in Lupus Erythematosus Patient (A Case Report)

“…There are frequently overlap of diagnosis with other cases such as Oral Lichen Planus, Erythema Multiforme and Pemphigus Vulgaris [14,16]. According to the American College of Rheumatology's LE criteria in 1982 which was then revised in 2012 by Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics (SLICC) oral mucosal lesions more than 54% of patients with LE with ulcers were the most commonly revealed lesions in which 44% were for sensitivity and 92% for specificity [6,18,19]. Oral manifestations were symptomatic in cases of LE where 40% for SLE and 24% for cases of DLE [22].…”

“…Oral manifestations were symptomatic in cases of LE where 40% for SLE and 24% for cases of DLE [22]. The most common areas for oral mucosal lesions are the palate, the buccal mucosa (22.3%); lips (12.2%) especially the lower lip in the form of erythema, erosive, and crusta [6,16,23]. Clinical features of LE oral lesions vary widely with various terms used include oral discoid lesion, chronic plaque, lupus cheilitis, acute ulcer, ulcer oral, red ulcer, ulcerative plaques, pebbly red areas, honeycomb lesions, keratotic lesions, keratotic white plaques, purpura lesions and petechial diffuse palatal erythema [21].…”

“…This condition may slow healing process of erythematous and ulcerative lesions in this patient. Thus, it is important to give communication, information, and education about how to maintain oral hygiene and eliminate focus infection [6].…”

“…The presence of oral lesion is one feature that commonly appears in early phase and included as diagnostic criteria of LE. However, the prevalence of oral involvement may be uncertain [6,8]. Oral mucosal lesion in LE patients has a wide spectrum of appearance, it results dentist may be confused to differ this lesion to other similar oral diseases, such as Oral Lichen Planus (OLP), Erythema Multiforme (EM).…”