The prevalence of dementia: A quantitative integration of the literature

Jorm, Anthony F; Korten, A. E.; Henderson, A. S.

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1987.tb02906.x

Cited by 1,186 publications

(668 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…LH increases may be responsible for cognitive decline and vulnerability to AD in women previously attributed to loss of E. Post-menopause E loss has been associated with cognitive decline (Birge et al, 2001;Genazzani et al, 1992) and the susceptibility of women to AD, as women have AD 2:1 compared to men (Breitner et al, 1988;Brookmeyer et al, 1998;Jorm et al, 1987;McGonigal et al, 1993;Rocca et al, 1991). However, increases in LH following menopause may be influential as women experience a 3-to 4-fold increase in the concentration of serum LH following menopause (Chakravarti et al, 1976).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human chorionic gonadotropin (a luteinizing hormone homologue) decreases spatial memory and increases brain amyloid-β levels in female rats

Berry

Tomidokoro

Ghiso

et al. 2008

Hormones and Behavior

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Numerous studies have suggested that estradiol (E) improves spatial memory as female rats with E perform better than those without E. However there is an inverse relationship between E and luteinizing hormone (LH) levels and LH could play a role. We examined whether treatment with the LH homologue human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), would impair spatial memory of adult Etreated female rats. In the Object Location Memory Task, ovariectomized (ovxed) rats treated with E and either a single high dose (400IU/kg) or a lower repeated dose of hCG (75 IU/kg hourly for 8 hours) showed spatial memory disruption compared to ovxed rats treated with estradiol alone. Impairment was attributed to memory disruption as performance improved with shortened delay between task exposure and testing. Tests on another spatial memory task, the Barnes maze, confirmed that hCG (400IU/kg) can impair memory: although E + veh treated animals made significantly fewer hole errors across time, E + hCG treated did not. In humans, high LH levels have been correlated with Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Because brain amyloid-beta (Aβ) species have been implicated as a toxic factor thought to cause memory loss in AD, we analyzed whether hCG-treated animals had increased Aβ levels. Levels of Aβ from whole brains or hippocampi were assessed by Western Blot. hCG treatment to E-implanted females significantly increased soluble Aβ40 and Aβ42 levels. These results indicate that high levels of LH/hCG can impair spatial memory, and an increase in brain Aβ species may account for the memory impairment in hCG-treated rats.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human chorionic gonadotropin (a luteinizing hormone homologue) decreases spatial memory and increases brain amyloid-β levels in female rats

Berry

Tomidokoro

Ghiso

et al. 2008

Hormones and Behavior

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“…4,5 In a meta-analysis assessing 27 studies, Jorm et al 6 have reported that the prevalence of dementia doubles every 5.1 years from the age of 60 years. In the sample studied, patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing a HD program showed, regardless of gender and duration of the dialysis treatment, a cognitive impairment above that expected for their respective age bracket (26%, 47%, and 71%).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparação da capacidade cognitiva de pacientes em programa de hemodiálise crônica entre os que realizam atividade física assistida e os inativos

Martins¹,

Ramos²,

Guaraldo³

et al. 2011

J. Bras. Nefrol.

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Physical inactivity is a determinant of clinical disorders and psychological problems in patients with chronic kidney disease. In two satellite clinics, a program of physical activity (PA) was offered to 86 patients undergoing hemodialysis. Of those, 49 patients entered the PA program spontaneously and 37 remained inactive. After six months, a satisfaction self-reported questionnaire and the Modified Mini-Mental State (3MS) Examination for assessment of cognitive function were applied. Cognition was compared between inactive patients and those participating in the PA program for at least three months. Regardless of age and duration of dialysis, patients showed a cognitive deficit greater than expected. In the general group, better cognitive function was observed in active patients as compared to the inactive ones (p < 0.05). When separated by age groups, active patients over the age of 60 years had better results than the inactive ones (p < 0.05). We concluded that patients with better cognitive responses are more physically active and/ or physical activity contributes to better cognitive function.

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“…Uma revisão de estudos de prevalência mostra taxas médias que variaram de 0,7%, na faixa etária de 60-64 anos, a 38,6%, na faixa de 90-95 anos 4 . No Brasil, existem poucos estudos de prevalência de demência.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Representações sociais de cuidadores principais de pacientes com demência

Rizzo

Schall

2008

Rev. psiquiatr. Rio Gd. Sul

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INTRODUÇÃO: As síndromes depressivas e demenciais são os problemas mentais mais prevalentes na população idosa. A qualidade de vida de pacientes com demência depende, primordialmente, daqueles que são responsáveis pelos seus cuidados. Assim, é fundamental a realização de estudos que possam descrever as percepções, interpretações e reações dos cuidadores frente aos diversos tipos de síndromes demenciais, as estratégias encontradas para enfrentá-las associadas aos diferentes atores e a mobilização de referentes culturais em torno da experiência da demência. MÉTODO: No presente estudo, com base na teoria das representações sociais, foram entrevistados 15 cuidadores, visando compreender como estes reconhecem e vivenciam a síndrome demencial e quais são as ações realizadas por eles para lidar com a mesma. RESULTADOS: A análise de conteúdo indicou que o prejuízo nas atividades instrumentais foram os primeiros sinais que alertaram os cuidadores para o problema de seus familiares. Ao mesmo tempo em que os cuidadores consideram eventos de vida, organicidade e hereditariedade para explicar o problema do familiar, levantam também outros aspectos que estão intimamente associados ao contexto sociocultural, influenciando as ações diante das manifestações da síndrome demencial. CONCLUSÃO: Essas são informações essenciais para o planejamento de intervenções e políticas públicas adequadas às características dessa população.

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The prevalence of dementia: A quantitative integration of the literature

Cited by 1,186 publications

References 32 publications

Human chorionic gonadotropin (a luteinizing hormone homologue) decreases spatial memory and increases brain amyloid-β levels in female rats

Human chorionic gonadotropin (a luteinizing hormone homologue) decreases spatial memory and increases brain amyloid-β levels in female rats

Comparação da capacidade cognitiva de pacientes em programa de hemodiálise crônica entre os que realizam atividade física assistida e os inativos

Representações sociais de cuidadores principais de pacientes com demência

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