The prevalence of CRF55_01B among HIV-1 strain and its connection with traffic development in China

Gan, Mengze; Zheng, Shan; Hao, Jingjing; Ruan, Yuhua; Liao, Lingjie; Shao, Yiming; Feng, Yi; Xing, Hui

doi:10.1080/22221751.2021.1884004

Cited by 31 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Our previous research showed that CRF55_01B spreads rapidly from MSM to heterosexual people, and this strain has been found in all provinces, forming transmission clusters in more than half of the provinces. Its rapid transmission may be related to the development of transportation and technology [24]. CRF07_BC-N also showed higher network access and interprovincial transmission rates.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Epidemiology and Molecular Transmission Characteristics of HIV in the Capital City of Anhui Province in China

Zheng

et al. 2021

Pathogens

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Hefei, Anhui province, is one of the cities in the Yangtze River Delta, where many people migrate to Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Shanghai. High migration also contributes to the HIV epidemic. This study explored the HIV prevalence in Hefei to provide a reference for other provinces and assist in the prevention and control of HIV in China. A total of 816 newly reported people with HIV in Hefei from 2017 to 2020 were recruited as subjects. HIV subtypes were identified by a phylogenetic tree. The most prevalent subtypes were CRF07_BC (41.4%), CRF01_AE (38.1%) and CRF55_01B (6.3%). Molecular networks were inferred using HIV-TRACE. The largest and most active transmission cluster was CRF55_01B in Hefei’s network. A Chinese national database (50,798 sequences) was also subjected to molecular network analysis to study the relationship between patients in Hefei and other provinces. CRF55_01B and CRF07_BC-N had higher clustered and interprovincial transmission rates in the national molecular network. People with HIV in Hefei mainly transmitted the disease within the province. Finally, we displayed the epidemic trend of HIV in Hefei in recent years with the dynamic change of effective reproductive number (Re). The weighted overall Re increased rapidly from 2012 to 2015, with a peak value of 3.20 (95% BCI, 2.18–3.85). After 2015, Re began to decline and remained stable at around 1.80. In addition, the Re of CRF55_01B was calculated to be between 2.0 and 4.0 in 2018 and 2019. More attention needs to be paid to the rapid spread of CRF55_01B and CRF07_BC-N strains among people with HIV and the high Re in Hefei. These data provide necessary support to guide the targeted prevention and control of HIV.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Epidemiology and Molecular Transmission Characteristics of HIV in the Capital City of Anhui Province in China

Zheng

et al. 2021

Pathogens

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“…Although the proportion of CRF55_01B infection in our cohort was small, most of them (10/11) were found to have drug resistance mutations. CRF55_01B is a newly identified CRF of HIV-1 that originated from China and may lead to a higher risk of transmission [22,23], suggesting that surveillance and prevention of CRF55_01B is needed to forestall the HIV epidemic. Surprisingly, sex (female) was found to be a risk factor for PDR mutation in our study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pre‐treatment and acquired antiretroviral drug resistance among people living with HIV in Tianjin, China

Xia

Zeng

et al. 2022

HIV Medicine

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ObjectivesThis study investigated the prevalence and patterns of pre‐treatment and acquired HIV drug resistance mutations among people living with HIV (PLWH) on antiretroviral therapy (ART) for 12 (±3) months in Tianjin, China.MethodsFrom Jan 2018 to Dec 2020, PLWH with HIV‐1 RNA greater than 1000 copies/mL visiting the ART clinic in the Tianjin Second People's Hospital were enrolled. Viral RNA isolated from blood samples were taken for genotypic resistance testing using an in‐house method. Major drug resistance mutations were analyzed for reverse transcriptase and protease Sanger sequences using the Stanford University HIV Drug Resistance Database. Multivariable Poisson regressions were used to evaluate the factors associated with drug resistance mutations.ResultsHIV drug resistance testing was successfully performed on 584 ART‐naive and 71 ART‐experienced participants. Pre‐treatment drug resistance mutation prevalence was 13.5% (79/584) to any antiretroviral drug, 12.5% (73/584) to non‐nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs), 1.5% (9/584) to nucleoside reverse‐transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), and 0.3% (2/584) to protease inhibitors (PIs). Acquired drug resistance to any antiretroviral drug among PLWH on ART with viral load >1000 copies/mL was 88.7% (63/71). The prevalence of mutation for NNRTIs, NRTIs, and PIs were 93.7% (59/63), 82.5% (52/63), and 3.2% (2/63), respectively.ConclusionsPre‐treatment and acquired drug resistance mutations were highly prevalent among PLWH in Tianjin; therefore, routine baseline genotypic resistance testing and adequate intervals of viral load surveillance are urgently needed for the long‐term treatment success. Our findings provide important evidence for first‐ and second‐line regimen drugs for PLWH, especially in China.

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“…As a new recombinant subtype formed by the recombination of CRF01_AE and subtype B, CRF55_01B prevalence increased exponentially from 2005 to 2009 after its origin in Shenzhen. One of the factors contributing to its rapid transmission was the spread of the virus to different PLADs in 2007, as mediated by the rapid development of the Beijing-Guangzhou and Beijing-Kowloon railways ( 8 ). Moreover, even though this particular subtype originated in homosexual males, it was transmitted among heterosexuals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changing Proportions of HIV-1 Subtypes and Transmitted Drug Resistance Among Newly Diagnosed HIV/AIDS Individuals — China, 2015 and 2018

Hao¹,

Zheng²,

Gan³

et al. 2021

China CDC Weekly

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Introduction: With the expansion of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antiretroviral therapy (ART), HIV drug resistance is becoming more and more serious. This study describes the changing prevalence of HIV-1 subtypes and transmitted drug resistance (TDR) among newly diagnosed individuals in China, 2015 and 2018.Methods: A total of 8,980 individuals in 2015 and 2018 from 31 provincial-level administrative divisions (PLADs) were enrolled in this study. Viral RNAs were amplified and sequenced using an in-house polymerase chain reaction (PCR) protocol. The Stanford HIV Drug Resistance Database (HIVdb) was used to predict susceptibility to 12 antiretroviral drugs.Results: The prevalence of TDR was not significantly increased over time. The prevalence of TDR was 3.8% and 4.4% in 2015 and 2018, respectively (P=0.13). The prevalence of CRF55_01B increased from 2.3% in 2015 to 3.9% in 2018 (P<0.001). The drug resistance prevalence of nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI) increased from 2.4% in 2015 to 3.3% in 2018 (P<0.01). The prevalence of E138 (P<0.001), H221 (P=0.03), and V179 (P<0.001) mutations increased from 0.30%, 0.09%, and 0.70% in 2015 to 1.10%, 0.30%, and 1.70% in 2018, respectively.Conclusions: HIV drug resistance affects the effect of antiretroviral treatment, so the monitoring of HIV TDR should be strengthened to control the transmission of HIV drug resistance.

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The prevalence of CRF55_01B among HIV-1 strain and its connection with traffic development in China

Cited by 31 publications

References 32 publications

Epidemiology and Molecular Transmission Characteristics of HIV in the Capital City of Anhui Province in China

Epidemiology and Molecular Transmission Characteristics of HIV in the Capital City of Anhui Province in China

Pre‐treatment and acquired antiretroviral drug resistance among people living with HIV in Tianjin, China

Changing Proportions of HIV-1 Subtypes and Transmitted Drug Resistance Among Newly Diagnosed HIV/AIDS Individuals — China, 2015 and 2018

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