The prevalence of aminoglycoside-modifying enzyme and virulence genes among enterococci with high-level aminoglycoside resistance in Inner Mongolia, China

Niu, Haiying; Yu, Hao; Hu, Tangping; Tian, Gailin; Zhang, Lixia; Guo, Xiang; Hu, Hai; Wang, Zhanli

doi:10.1016/j.bjm.2016.04.003

Cited by 30 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…In various studies, similar frequencies of the efa have been reported [489]. In a study conducted by Gaglio et al, the efa gene was detected among 25% of the strains isolated from dairy products [19].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

“…Our results indicated that E. faecalis isolates carried more virulence genes in comparison to various reports [49181925262728]. These differences probably reflect variability in the types of samples or geographic regions.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 41%

“…Resistance to high concentrations of gentamicin among E. faecalis isolates has been reported in previous studies [89] Presence of genes encoding aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes and transmission among enterococcal strains lead to high levels resistance to gentamicin [18]. It seems that gentamicin has become an ineffective antibiotic against hospital-acquired enterococcal infections.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…The genes encoding virulence determinants can be transferred to resistant strains via these systems [48]. Emergence of antimicrobial resistant virulent enterococci is a serious problem in the treatment and control of nosocomial infections [9]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High Incidence of Virulence Factors Among ClinicalEnterococcus faecalisIsolates in Southwestern Iran

et al. 2017

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BackgroundOver the past two decades, enterococci have emerged as an important agent responsible for hospital acquired infection. Several virulence factors contribute to the adherence, colonization, evasion of the host immune response, and pathogenicity and severity of the infection. Enterococcus faecalis is the most common and virulent species causing infections in hospitalized patients. The aim of the present study was to examine the prevalence of genes encoding virulence factors and antimicrobial resistance patterns of E. faecalis strains isolated from hospitalized patients in Shiraz, south west of Iran.Materials and MethodsA total of 51 E. faecalis isolates from the urine, blood, pleural fluid, peritoneal fluid, eye discharge, endotracheal tube (ETT) and transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) specimens of patients were identified by phenotypic and genotypic methods. Antimicrobial sensitivity tests and detection of virulence factors were performed using standard methods.ResultsThe efa and asa1 were the most frequently detected gene (100%) among the isolates, followed by esp (94.1%), ace (90.2%), gelE (80.4%), cylA (64.7%), and hyl (51%). More than half of the isolates (52.9%) were high level gentamicin resistant (HLGR). Vancomycin resistance was observed among 23 (45.1%) isolates. The lowest antimicrobial activity was related to erythromycin (3.9%), tetracycline (5.9%) and ciprofloxacin (9.8%). No isolate was found resistant to fosfomycin and linezolid.ConclusionOur data indicated a high incidence of virulence factors among E. faecalis strains isolated from clinical samples. Colonization of drug resistant virulent isolates in hospital environment may lead to life threatening infection in hospitalized patients. Therefore, infection control procedures should be performed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 41%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High Incidence of Virulence Factors Among ClinicalEnterococcus faecalisIsolates in Southwestern Iran

et al. 2017

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“…Previous studies by Padmasini et al [11], Bhatt et al [16], and Niu et al [17] have reported that HLGR (42.7%, 65%, and 42.7%) was more common than HLSR (29.8%, 45%, and 27.4%) in all species of isolated enterococci respectively. On the contrary, there was nearly no difference between the prevalence rates of HLGR and HLSR among our studied Enterococcus species isolates.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Detection of high level aminoglycoside resistance genes among clinical isolates of Enterococcus species

Diab¹,

Salem²,

El‐Shenawy³

et al. 2019

Egypt J Med Hum Genet

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Background: Enterococci are intrinsically resistant to clinically achievable concentrations of aminoglycosides. However, high-level resistance to aminoglycosides (HLAR) is primarily due to the acquisition of genes encoding aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes (AMEs). Aminoglycosides along with cell wall inhibitors are given clinically for treating enterococcal infections. The current study was conducted to investigate the rate of HLAR and to determine aminoglycoside resistance encoding genes profile in enterococcal isolates from different clinical specimens. Results: From 120 Enterococcus species, 50 (41.7%) enterococcal isolates were proven to have HLAR, 78% (39/50) have high-level gentamicin resistance (HLGR), and 74% (37/50) were high-level streptomycin-resistant (HLSR). HLGR isolates carried aminoglycoside modifying gene aac (6′)-Ie-aph (2′)-Ia in 26/39 (66.7%) of isolates, whereas 32/37 (86.5%) of HLSR carried aph (3′)-IIIa gene and were observed in E. faecalis, E. faecium, E. gallinarum, and E. casseliflavus. The aph (2′)-Ib, aph (2′)-Ic, and aph (2′)-Id that encode HLGR could not be detected. Conclusions: The high detection rate of HLAR among the studied Enterococcus species and the coexistence of HLGR and HLSR strains provide crucial insights to the necessity of routine testing for HLAR in the microbiology lab. The main AME genes among HLGR and HLSR enterococci were aac (6′)-Ie-aph (2″)-Ia and aph (3′)-IIIa, respectively.

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Antibacterial and Antifungal Agents: The Challenges of Antimicrobial-Resistant Infections in Immunocompromised Hosts

McCarthy

Baker

Satlin

et al. 2018

Management of Infections in the Immunocompromised Host

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The prevalence of aminoglycoside-modifying enzyme and virulence genes among enterococci with high-level aminoglycoside resistance in Inner Mongolia, China

Cited by 30 publications

References 30 publications

High Incidence of Virulence Factors Among ClinicalEnterococcus faecalisIsolates in Southwestern Iran

High Incidence of Virulence Factors Among ClinicalEnterococcus faecalisIsolates in Southwestern Iran

Detection of high level aminoglycoside resistance genes among clinical isolates of Enterococcus species

Antibacterial and Antifungal Agents: The Challenges of Antimicrobial-Resistant Infections in Immunocompromised Hosts

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