The Prevalence and Estimates of the Cumulative Incidence of Hospital-Acquired Infections Among Patients Admitted to Auckland District Health Board Hospitals in New Zealand

Graves, Nicholas; Nicholls, Tanya M.; Wong, CW; Morris, Arthur J.

doi:10.1086/502116

Cited by 23 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…33 These were found to be comparable to other reported rates, 33 and the method used to derive them 36 has been validated by others. 3738 The total admissions to which these rates were applied, to derive an estimate of the number of cases of hospital-acquired infection, were retrieved from reliable data sources and were assumed to be accurate.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…For the purpose of the simulation modeling, it was assumed that the "most likely" value had a greater probability of occurring than the "low" and "high" values, which had the same probability of occurring. Because these values were derived from the means and 95% confidence intervals from the predicted cumulative incidence rates, 33 this assumption is likely to be appropriate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…33 These rates, and the values for the 95% confidence intervals, were applied to the 32,179 medical and 24,899 surgical admissions to Auckland District Health Board Hospitals and to the 162,879 medical and 245,130 surgical admissions to all acute hospitals in New Zealand in 1999 to derive an estimate of the "most likely," "low," and "high" number of cases of hospital-acquired infection. The results of this are presented in Table 2 and provide the information required for category A of Table 1.…”

Section: Data Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The method uses data gathered from the routine surveillance of hospital-acquired infection in Auckland District Health Board Hospitals, 32 estimates of the cumulative incidence derived from these data, 33 and findings from the published literature.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modeling the Costs of Hospital-Acquired Infections in New Zealand

Graves

Nicholls²,

Morris³

2003

Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol.

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OBJECTIVE:To model the economic costs of hospitalacquired infections (HAIs) in New Zealand, by type of HAL DESIGN: Monte Carlo simulation model. SETTING: Auckland District Health Board Hospitals (DHBH), the largest publicly funded hospital group in New Zealand supplying secondary and tertiary services. Costs are also estimated for predicted HAIs in admissions to all hospitals in New Zealand.PATIENTS: All adults admitted to general medical and general surgical services.METHOD: Data on the number of cases of HAI were combined with data on the estimated prolongation of hospital stay due to HAI to produce an estimate of the number of bed days attributable to HAI. A cost per bed day value was applied to provide an estimate of the economic cost. Costs were estimated for predicted infections of the urinary tract, surgical wounds, the lower and upper respiratory tracts, the bloodstream, and other sites, and for cases of multiple sites of infection. Sensitivity analyses were undertaken for input variables. RESULTS:The estimated costs of predicted HAIs in medical and surgical admissions to Auckland DHBH were $10.12 (US $4.56) million and $8.64 (US $3.90) million, respectively. They were $51.35 (US $23.16) million and $85.26 (US $38.47) million, respectively, for medical and surgical admissions to all hospitals in New Zealand.CONCLUSIONS: The method used produces results that are less precise than those of a specifically designed study using primary data collection, but has been applied at a lower cost. The estimated cost of HAIs is substantial, but only a proportion of infections can be avoided. Further work is required to identify the most cost-effective strategies for the prevention of HAI (Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2003;24:214-223 27 Israel, 28 and France. 29 The findings illustrate the impact of the disease on the acute and the community healthcare sectors, patients, caregivers, and the wider economy. These data have been used to raise the profile of hospital-acquired infection among policy makers 30 and, if appropriately derived, they proxy the value of the potential economic benefits that result from programs that prevent hospitalacquired infection. 31 Although the prevalence of hospital-acquired infections in New Zealand hospitals and estimates of the cumulative incidence have been reported, 3233 no estimates of the economic cost of these infections have been published. The purpose of this article is to model the cost attributable to hospital-acquired infections occurring among adult patients admitted to the general medical and surgical services of Auckland District Health Board Hospitals for calendar year 1999 and patients admitted to all hospitals in New Zealand for the 1998-1999 financial year.The cost analysis includes only hospital costs because recent work has shown that 93.4% of the total costs of hospital-acquired infection fall on the hospital sector 34 and assessing the remaining costs, those that fall on primary and community care services and the patients themselves, would involve extensi...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Data Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Modeling the Costs of Hospital-Acquired Infections in New Zealand

Graves

Nicholls²,

Morris³

2003

Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol.

Self Cite

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“…There is, however, a mathematical relationship between prevalence and incidence which theoretically enables a conversion from prevalence into incidence and vice versa, taking into account the length of hospital stay of infected and non-infected patients as well as the time from admission to HAI onset [43,66]. In order to estimate the total annual number of patients with HAIs in Europe, we used the Rhame and Sudderth formula as previously done in several studies [4,5,44,[67][68][69]. A major problem with this method is that the formula is based on length-ofstay data of the 'incidence series', which would only be known if hospital-wide surveillance had been performed during the same period.…”

Section: Burden Estimatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infeksjoner i helsetjenesten – på tide å arbeide smart

Walberg¹,

Radtke²

2017

Tidsskriftet

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Interventions to improve hand hygiene compliance in patient care

Chudleigh¹,

Gould²,

Grol³

et al. 2004

The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

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Background Health care-associated infection is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Hand hygiene is regarded as an effective preventive measure. This is an update of a previously published review. Objectives To assess the short-and long-term success of strategies to improve compliance to recommendations for hand hygiene, and to determine whether an increase in hand hygiene compliance can reduce rates of health care-associated infection.

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The Prevalence and Estimates of the Cumulative Incidence of Hospital-Acquired Infections Among Patients Admitted to Auckland District Health Board Hospitals in New Zealand

Abstract: OBJECTIVES: To report the pooled results of seven prevalence surveys of hospital-acquired infections conducted between

Cited by 23 publications

References 10 publications

Modeling the Costs of Hospital-Acquired Infections in New Zealand

Modeling the Costs of Hospital-Acquired Infections in New Zealand

Infeksjoner i helsetjenesten – på tide å arbeide smart

Interventions to improve hand hygiene compliance in patient care

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