The prevalence and characteristics of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults subset among type two diabetes mellitus patients in Northern Nigeria

Muazu, Salisu; Okpe, Innocent; Anumah, Felicia

doi:10.4103/1596-3519.194277

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Several studies reported that islet autoimmunity, including T cell-mediated cellular immunity (20, 21) and humoral immunity in which autoantibodies played a vital role (10, 11, 12), both contributed to the pathogenesis and development of not only T1DM, but also T2DM. Furthermore, a series of evidence clued that the associations between islet autoimmunity and clinical features in T2DM occurs to some extent (18, 22, 23).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of positive islet autoantibody in type 2 diabetes patients: a cross-sectional study in a Chinese community

Gao

Sun

Wang

et al. 2019

Endocrine Connections

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BackgroundIslet autoantibodies occur in type 2 diabetes. Our study aimed to investigate the prevalence of positive islet autoimmunity in community patients with type 2 diabetes.MethodsA total of 495 community patients with type 2 diabetes were recruited using the method of cluster sampling in this cross-sectional study. Three islet autoantibodies including glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody (GADA), insulin autoantibody (IAA) and islet cell antibody (ICA) were measured, and clinical characteristics involved in those individuals were evaluated.ResultsThe positive rate of islet autoantibodies was 28.5% in total, while combinations of different autoantibodies were rarely seen. Compared with GADA-negative group, positive counterparts significantly tended to have lower levels of body mass index (BMI), waist-hip ratio (WHR), and urinary microalbumin (mALB) (P < 0.05). Adjusted for confounding factors, WHR, triglycerides (TG), and mALB seemed to be negative independent predictors of GADA (OR < 1, P < 0.05). Patients with positive IAA tended to receive insulin treatment (P < 0.0001). Besides, fasting blood glucose (FBG), serum levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-CH), aspartate transaminase (AST), and γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT) were more likely to be higher in IAA positive subgroup in comparison with the negative counterparts. While after AST was adjusted by unconditional logistic regression analysis, history of insulin treatment, FBG, HDL-CH, and GGT were confirmed as positive predictors of IAA. Furthermore, in patients who were IAA positive, those treated with exogenous insulin tended to have longer duration of diabetes than non-insulin treatment counterparts (P < 0.0001). With regard to ICA, however, there were no significant differences between the two subgroups, except that serum level of AST/ALT seemed to be slightly different (P = 0.064).ConclusionThese data suggested that type 2 diabetic community patients with positive GADA tended to be lean and were able to maintain normal lipid metabolism, while patients with positivity of IAA were frequently accompanied with insulin treatment and more closely associated with diabetic liver damage.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of positive islet autoantibody in type 2 diabetes patients: a cross-sectional study in a Chinese community

Gao

Sun

Wang

et al. 2019

Endocrine Connections

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“…2020;64/5 our study. While epidemiological studies have shown controversial results, some studies have reported a higher prevalence of LADA in men (12,36). This might be related to demographic features of the population and their genetic predisposition.…”

Section: Lada In Turkeymentioning

confidence: 97%

Low rate of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) in patients followed for type 2 diabetes: A single center’s experience in Turkey

Tam¹,

Özdemır²,

Beştepe³

et al. 2020

Archives of Endocrinology and Metabolism

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Objective: In this study, we aimed to determine the frequency of and the clinical and metabolic features of patients with latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) at a single center in Turkey. Subjects and methods: Patients over 30 years of age diagnosed with type 2 diabetes who did not require insulin for a minimum of 6 months following diagnosis were included. Data from 324 patients (163 women; 161 men), with a mean age of 54.97 ± 7.53 years, were analyzed in the study. Levels of antibodies to glutamate decarboxylase (anti-GAD) were measured in all patients, and LADA was diagnosed in patients testing positive for anti-GAD antibodies. Results: Anti-GAD positivity was identified in 5 patients (1.5%). Family history of diabetes, body mass index (BMI), age, sex distribution, insulin resistance, serum triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein, and low-density lipoprotein were similar in the LADA and type 2 diabetes patients. Median HbA1c was significantly higher (10.8% vs. 7.38%, p = 0.002) and fasting C-peptide was lower (0.75 ng/mL vs. 2.82 ng/mL, p = 0.009) in patients with LADA compared to in those with type 2 diabetes. Among the 5 patients with LADA, 4 were positive for antithyroid peroxidase antibodies. The median disease duration was relatively shorter among patients with LADA (4 years vs. 7 years, p = 0.105). Conclusion: We observed a LADA frequency of 1.5% among Turkish patients followed for type 2 diabetes. The presence of obesity and metabolic syndrome did not exclude LADA, and patients with LADA had worse glycemic control than patients with type 2 diabetes did.

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“…Screening for IA-2A positivity in the latter study increased the prevalence of islet autoantibody positivity to 7.3% [ 12 ]. Higher prevalence levels of GADA positivity in adult-onset diabetes have also been reported in Madagascar (12%) [ 15 ] and in West African populations in Nigeria (10.5–14%) [ 13 , 14 , 19 ] and Ghana (8.9–14.3%) [ 16 , 17 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Islet autoantibody positivity in an adult population with recently diagnosed diabetes in Uganda

et al. 2022

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Aims This study aimed to investigate the frequency of islet autoantibody positivity in adult patients with recently diagnosed diabetes in Uganda and its associated characteristics. Methods Autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase-65 (GADA), zinc transporter 8 (ZnT8-A), and tyrosine phosphatase (IA-2A) were measured in 534 adult patients with recently diagnosed diabetes. Islet autoantibody positivity was defined based on diagnostic thresholds derived from a local adult population without diabetes. The socio-demographic, clinical, and metabolic characteristics of islet autoantibody-positive and negative participants were then compared. The differences in these characteristics were analysed using the x2 test for categorical data and the Kruskal Wallis test for continuous data. Multivariate analysis was performed to identify predictors of islet autoantibody positivity. Results Thirty four (6.4%) participants were positive for ≥1 islet autoantibody. GADA, IA-2A and ZnT8-A positivity was detected in 17 (3.2%), 10 (1.9%), and 7 (1.3%) participants, respectively. Compared with those negative for islet autoantibodies, participants positive for islet autoantibodies were more likely to live in a rural area (n = 18, 52.9% Vs n = 127, 25.5%, p = 0.005), to be initiated on insulin therapy (n = 19, 55.9% Vs n = 134, 26.8%, p<0.001), to have a lower median waist circumference (90 [80–99] cm Vs 96 [87–104.8], p = 0.04), waist circumference: height ratio (0.55 [0.50–0.63] vs 0.59 [0.53–0.65], p = 0.03), and fasting C-peptide concentration (0.9 [0.6–1.8] Vs 1.4 [0.8–2.1] ng/ml, p = 0.01). On multivariate analysis, living in a rural area (odds ratio or OR 3.62, 95%CI 1.68–7.80, p = 0.001) and being initiated on insulin therapy (OR 3.61, 95% CI 1.67–7.83, p = 0.001) were associated with islet autoantibody positivity. Conclusion The prevalence of islet autoantibody positivity was relatively low, suggesting that pancreatic autoimmunity is a rare cause of new-onset diabetes in this adult Ugandan population. Living in a rural area and being initiated on insulin therapy were independently associated with islet autoantibody positivity in this study population.

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The prevalence and characteristics of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults subset among type two diabetes mellitus patients in Northern Nigeria

Cited by 11 publications

References 26 publications

Prevalence of positive islet autoantibody in type 2 diabetes patients: a cross-sectional study in a Chinese community

Prevalence of positive islet autoantibody in type 2 diabetes patients: a cross-sectional study in a Chinese community

Low rate of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) in patients followed for type 2 diabetes: A single center’s experience in Turkey

Islet autoantibody positivity in an adult population with recently diagnosed diabetes in Uganda

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