Prevalence of positive islet autoantibody in type 2 diabetes patients: a cross-sectional study in a Chinese community

Gao, Xiangyu; Sun, Wanwan; Wang, Yichuan; Zhang, Yawen; Li, Rumei; Huang, Jinya; Yang, Yehong

doi:10.1530/ec-19-0379

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…On univariate analysis, islet antibody-positive individuals were more likely to live in a rural area, to be initiated on insulin therapy at diagnosis, and exhibited lower measures of obesity (WC and WHtR) and pancreatic beta-cell function (fasting and postprandial C-peptide). These findings are consistent with what has been observed in participants with islet autoantibody positivity in other populations [ 6 , 26 , 27 , 38 , 39 ]. In addition to having lower markers of obesity, a finding of lower fasting and postprandial C-peptide concentrations in islet autoantibody-positive participants as shown in our study is an indicator of reduced pancreatic beta-cell function which is linked to progressive autoimmune-mediated damage of the pancreatic beta-cells [ 40 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Islet autoantibody positivity in an adult population with recently diagnosed diabetes in Uganda

et al. 2022

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Aims This study aimed to investigate the frequency of islet autoantibody positivity in adult patients with recently diagnosed diabetes in Uganda and its associated characteristics. Methods Autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase-65 (GADA), zinc transporter 8 (ZnT8-A), and tyrosine phosphatase (IA-2A) were measured in 534 adult patients with recently diagnosed diabetes. Islet autoantibody positivity was defined based on diagnostic thresholds derived from a local adult population without diabetes. The socio-demographic, clinical, and metabolic characteristics of islet autoantibody-positive and negative participants were then compared. The differences in these characteristics were analysed using the x2 test for categorical data and the Kruskal Wallis test for continuous data. Multivariate analysis was performed to identify predictors of islet autoantibody positivity. Results Thirty four (6.4%) participants were positive for ≥1 islet autoantibody. GADA, IA-2A and ZnT8-A positivity was detected in 17 (3.2%), 10 (1.9%), and 7 (1.3%) participants, respectively. Compared with those negative for islet autoantibodies, participants positive for islet autoantibodies were more likely to live in a rural area (n = 18, 52.9% Vs n = 127, 25.5%, p = 0.005), to be initiated on insulin therapy (n = 19, 55.9% Vs n = 134, 26.8%, p<0.001), to have a lower median waist circumference (90 [80–99] cm Vs 96 [87–104.8], p = 0.04), waist circumference: height ratio (0.55 [0.50–0.63] vs 0.59 [0.53–0.65], p = 0.03), and fasting C-peptide concentration (0.9 [0.6–1.8] Vs 1.4 [0.8–2.1] ng/ml, p = 0.01). On multivariate analysis, living in a rural area (odds ratio or OR 3.62, 95%CI 1.68–7.80, p = 0.001) and being initiated on insulin therapy (OR 3.61, 95% CI 1.67–7.83, p = 0.001) were associated with islet autoantibody positivity. Conclusion The prevalence of islet autoantibody positivity was relatively low, suggesting that pancreatic autoimmunity is a rare cause of new-onset diabetes in this adult Ugandan population. Living in a rural area and being initiated on insulin therapy were independently associated with islet autoantibody positivity in this study population.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Islet autoantibody positivity in an adult population with recently diagnosed diabetes in Uganda

et al. 2022

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“…These results confirm previous data suggesting that ICA may be associated with progressive beta cell dysfunction and the need for future insulin therapy. 25,30 Consistent with our results, it has shown that there is a greater need for insulin therapy in young non-obese autoantibody-positive patients. 25,34 Despite insulin therapy, our four ICA-positive patients had worse glycaemic control than T2DM subjects.…”

Section: Various Studies Have Shown That the Prevalence Of Adult-onse...supporting

confidence: 90%

“…25 Nevertheless, in some studies, no difference has been reported between the antibody positive and negative groups in terms of age or duration of diabetes. 30,33 Our results showed no significant difference in family history of diabetes and mean BMI between ICA-positive and ICA-negative groups. These results may suggest that autoimmune patients and T2DM share the same risk factors.…”

Section: Various Studies Have Shown That the Prevalence Of Adult-onse...mentioning

confidence: 45%

Prevalence of Islet Cell Autoantibodies in Adult Patients Followed for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-sectional Study

Naroei

Mehranpoor

Mohammadi

et al. 2022

Int J Basic Sci Med

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Introduction: This study was aimed to assess the prevalence of islet cell autoantibodies (ICAs) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients and to compare some clinical and metabolic markers between ICA-negative and ICA- positive groups in South Khorasan province, East of Iran.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 384 T2DM patients, all over 30 years old, were selected. None of the patients needed insulin therapy for at least 6 months following diagnosis. Demographic data including gender, age, age at diagnosis, disease duration, health status, family history of diabetes, body mass index (BMI) and treatment type were collected from all subjects. ICA assays were conducted using commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. In addition, blood pressure, as well as cholesterol, serum C-peptide and HbA1c levels were compared between ICA-negative and ICA-positive groups. Data were analyzed using SPSS software and P < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.Results: ICA was detected in 1.30% of all diabetic patients. Compared with ICA-negative patients, ICA-positive subjects had significantly lower median age (P = 0.000), lower median disease duration (P = 0.001), lower C-peptide level (P = 0.006) and worse glycaemic control (HbA1c, P = 0.040). Furthermore, autoantibody-positive patients had more need for insulin therapy (P = 0.022). No significant correlation was found between ICA prevalence and family history of diabetes (P = 0.262), mean fasting blood glucose (FBG) (P = 0.282), BMI (P = 0.054), blood pressure (P = 0.070) as well as cholesterol levels (P = 0.888).Conclusion: Autoantibody screening is recommended in T2DM patients, especially non-obese patients under 40 years old, showing worse glycaemic control.

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“…It was noted that the control groups had differences in age, gender or races than the cases for few of the cohorts. Since the prevalence of islet autoantibodies was minimally dependent on these factors [ 23 , 24 ], the difference should have marginal impact on the observed sensitivity and specificity. Indeed, the high sensitivities and specificities of the assay were observed in several well matched cohorts, such as the fully matched IASP 2018 study (cohort 2).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitive detection of multiple islet autoantibodies in type 1 diabetes using small sample volumes by agglutination-PCR

Cortez¹,

Gebhart²,

Robinson³

et al. 2020

PLoS ONE

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Islet autoantibodies are predominantly measured by radioassay to facilitate risk assessment and diagnosis of type 1 diabetes. However, the reliance on radioactive components, large sample volumes and limited throughput renders radioassay testing costly and challenging. We developed a multiplex analysis platform based on antibody detection by agglutination-PCR (ADAP) for the sample-sparing measurement of GAD, IA-2 and insulin autoantibodies/antibodies in 1 μL serum. The assay was developed and validated in 7 distinct cohorts (n = 858) with the majority of the cohorts blinded prior to analysis. Measurements from the ADAP assay were compared to radioassay to determine correlation, concordance, agreement, clinical sensitivity and specificity. The average overall agreement between ADAP and radioassay was above 91%. The average clinical sensitivity and specificity were 96% and 97%. In the IASP 2018 workshop, ADAP achieved the highest sensitivity of all assays tested at 95% specificity (AS95) rating for GAD and IA-2 autoantibodies and top-tier performance for insulin autoantibodies. Furthermore, ADAP correctly identified 95% high-risk individuals with two or more autoantibodies by radioassay amongst 39 relatives of T1D patients tested. In conclusion, the new ADAP assay can reliably detect the three cardinal islet autoantibodies/antibodies in 1μL serum with high sensitivity. This novel assay may improve pediatric testing compliance and facilitate easier community-wide screening for islet autoantibodies.

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Prevalence of positive islet autoantibody in type 2 diabetes patients: a cross-sectional study in a Chinese community

Cited by 11 publications

References 35 publications

Islet autoantibody positivity in an adult population with recently diagnosed diabetes in Uganda

Islet autoantibody positivity in an adult population with recently diagnosed diabetes in Uganda

Prevalence of Islet Cell Autoantibodies in Adult Patients Followed for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-sectional Study

Sensitive detection of multiple islet autoantibodies in type 1 diabetes using small sample volumes by agglutination-PCR

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