The prevalence and associated factors of epilepsy in children in Calicut District, Kerala, India

Hackett, RJ; Hackett, Latha; Bhakta, Preeta

doi:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1997.tb14857.x

Cited by 41 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…For example, in India the treatment gap ranged from 40 to 90% in rural areas and from 22 to 50% in mixed, suburban and urban populations. 18,21,24,25 Similar trends were observed in Brazil, China, Pakistan and Togo. However, there were a few exceptions: in a rural population from Rajasthan, India, the treatment gap was 40% (the third lowest in India), 25 while in a rural population of Mali it was 65% (versus 76% in an urban population).…”

Section: Lower Middle Incomesupporting

confidence: 64%

Global disparities in the epilepsy treatment gap: a systematic review

Meyer

Dua

et al. 2009

Bull. World Health Organ.

374

332

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Section: Lower Middle Incomesupporting

confidence: 64%

Global disparities in the epilepsy treatment gap: a systematic review

Meyer

Dua

et al. 2009

Bull. World Health Organ.

374

332

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“…In a Chinese study,[15] perinatal factors were the most frequently found cause of epilepsy. A population-based survey in a Northern district of Kerala state[16] showed that a history of perinatal complications, low body mass index, and recent physical symptoms were independently associated with active epilepsy in children of 8–12 years of age.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors of childhood epilepsy in Kerala

Attumalil

Sundaram

Varghese

et al. 2011

Ann Indian Acad Neurol

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Background:We aimed to identify the risk factors for epilepsy in children.Materials and Methods:This case–control retrospective study was carried out in the pediatric neurology outpatient service of the Trivandrum Medical College. All children (1–12 years) with epilepsy satisfying the selection criteria were included, after obtaining consent from parents. Those with single seizures or febrile seizures were excluded. Controls were children without epilepsy attending the same hospital. Parents were interviewed and clinical data were obtained from medical records. Statistical analysis included chi-square test, odds ratio (OR), and logistic regression.Results:There were 82 cases and 160 controls whose mean age was 6.9 + 3.6 and 5.2 + 3.1, years respectively. On univariate analysis, family history of epilepsy, prolonged labor, cyanosis at birth, delayed cry after birth, admission to newborn intensive care unit, presence of congenital malformations, neurocutaneous markers, incessant cry in the first week, delayed developmental milestones, meningitis, encephalitis, and head trauma were found to be significant. On logistic regression, family history of epilepsy (OR 4.7), newborn distress (OR 8.6), delayed developmental milestones (OR 12.6), and head trauma (OR 5.8) were found to be significant predictors. Infants who had history of newborn distress are likely to manifest epilepsy before 1 year if they are eventually going to have epilepsy (OR 3.4).Conclusion:Modifiable factors such as newborn distress and significant head trauma are significant risk factors for childhood epilepsy. Newborn distress is a risk factor for early-onset (<1 year age) epilepsy.

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“…For instance, the prevalence of active epilepsy (five-year period) among children from 0 to 14 years is low, comparable to the prevalence found by Hauser et al 2 in the city of Rochester in the USA and Kurtz et al 30 in Britain. In general, the recent epidemiological studies have pointed to a low rate in this age group, except for a study in India 31 in which the prevalence was high, probably due to malnutrition, perinatal problems and infections.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urban prevalence of epilepsy: populational study in São José do Rio Preto, a medium-sized city in Brazil

Borges

Guerreiro

et al. 2004

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.

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-The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of epilepsy in the urban population of São José do Rio Preto. This is a medium-sized city of 336000 inhabitants, located in the northwest of the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Method:A cross-sectional epidemiological investigation with a randomized sample was performed in two phases, a screening phase and a confirmation of the diagnosis phase. The gold standard was a clinical investigation and neurological examination. The chi-square test was used in analysis of the results and p-value value < 0.05 was considered significant. Prevalence was calculated with 95% confidence interval. Results: The study sample size was 17293 individuals, with distributions of gender, age, and race similar to the general population.The prevalence per 1000 inhabitants of epilepsy was 18.6, of these 8.2 were active, defined as at least one seizure within the last two years. The prevalence per 1000 inhabitants for the age groups (years) was 4.9 (0-4), 11.7 (5-14), 20.3 (15-64) and 32.8 (65 or over). Conclusion: Prevalence of both accumulated and active epilepsy was elevated, comparable to other developing nations, in particular those of Latin America. However, the prevalence of epilepsy in childhood was low, whilst in aged individuals it was high similar to industrialized nations.KEY WORDS: epilepsy, epidemiology, prevalence, Latin America. Prevalência urbana da epilepsia: estudo populacional em São José do Rio Preto -cidade de médio porte do BrasilRESUMO -Antecedentes: O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a prevalência da epilepsia na população urbana de São José do Rio Preto, com 336000 habitantes, localizada no noroeste do Estado de São Paulo/ Brasil. Método: O estudo populacional, tipo corte transversal, em amostra aleatória, constituiu-se de uma fase de rastreamento, mediante um questionário. O padrão ouro para confirmação diagnóstica foi a história clínica e o exame neurológico. Os testes do χ 2 e intervalo de confiança de 95% (IC-95%) foram usados para análise dos resultados, tendo sido considerados significantes os de valor p≤ 0,05. Resultados:A amostra estudada foi de 17293 pessoas, cuja distribuição quanto ao sexo, à faixa etária e à raça foram semelhantes à da população em geral. A prevalência de epilepsia por 1000 hab. foi 18,6, sendo 8,2 para ativa considerando-se, pelo menos, uma crise no período dos últi-mos 2 anos. A prevalência na faixa etária de 0 a 4 anos foi 4,9, de 5 a 14, 11,7; de 15 a 64, 20,3; e acima dos 65 anos foi 32,8. Conclusão: As prevalências de epilepsia acumulada e ativa foram elevadas, semelhantes às dos países em desenvolvimento, em particular, aos da América Latina. A prevalência de epilepsia na infância foi baixa, enquanto que nos idosos foi elevada, semelhantes às observadas em países desenvolvidos. Estes resultados são relevantes no planejamento de medidas sanitárias, adequação ao tratamento da população, considerando a alta prevalência encontrada, para minimizar o impacto da epilepsia na população.

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The prevalence and associated factors of epilepsy in children in Calicut District, Kerala, India

Cited by 41 publications

References 11 publications

Global disparities in the epilepsy treatment gap: a systematic review

Global disparities in the epilepsy treatment gap: a systematic review

Risk factors of childhood epilepsy in Kerala

Urban prevalence of epilepsy: populational study in São José do Rio Preto, a medium-sized city in Brazil

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