The Prevalence and Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern ofSalmonella typhiamong Patients Attending a Military Hospital in Minna, Nigeria

Abstract

The threat to human health posed by antibiotic-resistant bacterial pathogens is of growing concern to medical practice. This study investigated the antibiotic sensitivity pattern of Salmonella typhi isolated from blood specimen. One hundred blood samples were collected from suspected typhoid fever patients in 31 Artillery Brigade Medical Centre, Minna, and were analyzed for S. typhi while antibiotic sensitivity testing was done Kirby-Bauer method. Sixty (60.0%) samples out of the total 100 were positive for bacterial growth. The organisms isolated 2 include Salmonella typhi; 45 (75.0%), Shigella; 6 (10.0%), E. coli; 3 (5.0%), Klebsiella; 3 (5.0%), Enterobacter; 2 (3.3%), and Citrobacter; 1 (1.7%). Result of the sensitivity test showed that the isolates were resistant to all the antibiotics; ceftriaxone, cefuroxime, amoxicillin, ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, and augmentin, which are the drug of choice routinely used in the study area for the treatment of typhoid fever. They were however sensitive to chloramphenicol and ofloxacin, which, unfortunately, are not used in this study area for the treatment of typhoid fever. There appear to be multiple drug resistant (MDR) strain of S. typhi in the study area. These may be as a result of overdependence or uncontrolled use of the few available antibiotics and/or inaccurate or inconclusive diagnosis resulting in the development and spread of resistant strains of S. typhi. The study, therefore, highlights the need for a strong collaboration between the physicians and the laboratory in the choice of antibiotics for the treatment of bacterial diseases in order to discourage the development of resistant strain of bacterial pathogen.

Occurrence of Typhoidal and Non-Typhoidal Salmonellae among Poultry Workers in the Southern, Nigeria

“…These measures cannot be undertaken unless the status of the disease is elucidated. Since infection by Salmonella is reported to be endemic in Nigeria [17], analysis of Salmonella strains and genetic diversity is important for epidemiology of the infection.…”

Salmonella serovars along two beef chains in Ethiopia

“…Kagambega et al [4] reported Salmonella data in cattle from Burkina Faso, and Adabara et al [5] from hospital cases in Nigeria. Salmonella reports are available in Ethiopia on the prevalence of Salmonella in different food animals, such as cattle, sheep, goats and pigs [1,2,[6][7][8], camels [9], chickens [10] at abattoirs, from animal products at supermarkets [1,2,11], and from human cases [12,13].…”

Maternal-child health

“…Clinical Studies in Minna (Nigeria) also revealed a high prevalence of typhoid fever (44.4%) among children within the age group 1-10 years which is also similar with an earlier report of 43.9% prevalence rate in Cebu City, India. It is argued that children are the most vulnerable group, particularly in environments where inadequate water supply and poor environmental hygiene exists combined with a high level of ignorance (Adabara et al, 2012).…”