The Prevalance of Thyroid Dysfunction and Relationship with Perinatal Outcomes in Third Trimester Pregnants Who Apply to Tertiary Center

Dulek, Hatice; Vural, Fisun; Aka, Nurettin; Zengin, Sergul

doi:10.14744/nci.2018.51422

Cited by 21 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…This is comparable with other study, in which the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in pregnancy was 10.8% with hypothyroidism being 9.2%, out of which 8.5% were cases of subclinical hypothyroidism and 0.7% was cases of overt hypothyroidism [22]. But in contrast with previous study done elsewhere in which (10.5%) had subclinical hypothyroidism, 3.2% had overt hypothyroidism [21] and 0.5% had hypothyroidism, 8.9% had subclinical hypothyroidism, and 2.8% had hyperthyroidism [20] and the prevalence of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism was 12 and 1.25%, respectively [23]. This difference might be due to difference in study site and study population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

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Thyroid Function Test (TSH, T3, T4) and Associated Factors in Early Gestation Among Pregnant Women Attending ANC Clinic in Nekemte Referral Hospital Western Oromia, Ethiopia.

Hirpa

Heyi

Roro

2020

Preprint

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Introduction: Thyroid function testing in pregnancy is an area of concern for pregnant women, doctors and laboratories. Some women are known to have thyroid disease before pregnancy and require monitoring to ensure no harm comes to them or their baby. Thyroid disorders can have adverse reproductive and pregnancy implications. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess blood level of thyroid function test during early gestation and assess associated factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care clinic in Nekemte Referral Hospital.Methods: Facility-based Cross-sectional study design was deployed to collect information from 300 Pregnant women (<20 gestation weeks) attending antenatal clinic from March to May, 2017. Interviewer-administered structured questionnaire was used to obtain information and blood samples were collected from pregnant women for estimation of thyroid function test after getting written consent. Data was entered to Epi info version 3.5.3, cleaned and analyzed using SPSS version 24 and Multivariable analysis were used to examine the association between dependent and independent variables. Odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Significance was declared at P-value 0.05.Result: A total of 300 pregnant women were interviewed and blood sample collected from them for thyroid function test with a response rate of 90.1%. Among the study subjects 14(4.7%) have Subclinical Hypothyroidism (SCH). Husband occupation, presence of Radio in the household, presence of television in their house and treating drinking water at household level were among factors associated with development of Hypothyroidism.Conclusion and Recommendation: In this study, Subclinical Hypothyroidism (SCH) among pregnant women in early gestation is significant 14(4.7%) above the expected 2.5% of American thyroid association cut point. Husband occupation, Presence of media for information and treatment of drinking water were the associated factors. So, health workers should always update pregnant women on importance of consuming proper utilization of iodized salt. Health workers shall also teach pregnant women on personal and environmental hygiene.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

“…So, this study tried to screen pregnant women for thyroid function test during early gestation and assess associated factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care clinic at Nekemte Referral Hospital. [20].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thyroid Function Test (TSH, T3, T4) and Associated Factors in Early Gestation Among Pregnant Women Attending ANC Clinic in Nekemte Referral Hospital Western Oromia, Ethiopia.

Hirpa

Heyi

Roro

2020

Preprint

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“…Normal physiological changes during early pregnancy can induce suppression of TSH secretion by increasing human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) which can cause transient gestational hyperthyroidism [ 31 , 34 ]. Previous studies have found that subclinical hyperthyroidism during pregnancy has the lowest clinical impact on maternal health and perinatal outcomes [ 35 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adequately iodized salt is an important strategy to prevent iodine insufficiency in pregnant women living in Central Java, Indonesia

2020

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Iodine is an essential micronutrient for cognitive development and growth. Optimal intakes are critical during pregnancy. We report the iodine status and thyroid function of pregnant women living in areas previously affected by severe iodine deficiency and in longstanding iodine sufficient areas in Java, Indonesia. This cross-sectional study was conducted in Magelang, Java, from July to November 2015, in four sub-districts; two previously affected by severe iodine deficiency (area 1) and two that were iodine-sufficient (area 2). Iodine intake was estimated using median urinary iodine concentration in spot samples and mean urinary iodine excretion in 3 x 24-hour samples, thyroid hormones (thyroid-stimulating hormone and free thyroxine) were measured in venous blood samples, and iodine content of household salt samples was estimated by titration. We recruited a total of 244 pregnant women, 123 in area 1 and 121 in area 2. Urinary iodine results suggested adequate habitual iodine intakes in both areas (median urinary iodine concentration in area 1: 222 μg/l (interquartile range 189, 276 μg/l), area 2: 264 μg/l (interquartile range 172, 284 μg/l), however, the risk of inadequate intakes increased with advancing trimester (Odds Ratio = 2.59 (95% CI 1.19–5.67) and 3.85 (95% CI 1.64–9.02) at second and third trimesters, respectively). Estimated prevalence of thyroid function disorders was generally low. Salt was iodized to approximately 40 ppm and foods rich in native iodine did not contribute significantly to dietary intakes. Adequately iodized salt continues to prevent iodine insufficiency in pregnant women living in areas previously affected by severe iodine deficiency in Java, Indonesia. Monitoring and surveillance, particularly in vulnerable groups, should be emphasized to ensure iodine sufficiency prevails.

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“…Maternal Graves' disease (GD) can lead to pregnancy loss as well as fetal thyroid dysfunction. Hyperthyroidism occurs in 0.2%-0.4% of pregnant women and is most commonly associated with GD (5) . Prevalence of hypothyroidism during pregnancy varies from 2.5% to 11% according to geographic distribution (6) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and incidence of thyroid disorder during pregnancy in Bangladesh - a tertiary care hospital based study

Shahid

Ferdousi

2021

Sri Lanka J. Diabetes Endocrinol. Metab.

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Objectives: To establish the prevalence and incidence of thyroid dysfunction during pregnancy in a tertiary care center in Bangladesh.Methodology: 749 cases were randomly selected among the pregnant women who reported to antenatal clinic. Later 121 women were excluded as they were already diagnosed cases of thyroid disorder. The rest were investigated for thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and if required then they were also investigated for free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4), and thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb). Thyroid status was classified according to TSH leveleuthyroidism, subclinical hypothyroidism, overt hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism (sub-clinical hyperthyroidism, Graves' disease/toxic multinodular goiter, transient hyperthyroidism of pregnancy). And all patients were divided into 2 groups -normal/euthyroidism and abnormal/thyroid disorder, considering their thyroid status. Result:The prevalence of thyroid disorder during pregnancy was 34.98% and incidence was 22.45%. The mean TSH levels (μIU/mL) of 1 st , 2 nd and 3 rd trimester were 2.67±3.59, 2.39±1.87 and 2.74±3.98, respectively. Significant number of overt hypothyroid cases were detected among rural people (P -0.004). There were significant difference of incidence of euthyroid (P -0.029) and SCHTh (P -0.031) cases at different stages of gestation. There were also significant number of cases with goiter (P -˂0.001) and TPOAb (P -˂0.001) in different patient groups. Conclusion:Thyroid disorders are common in pregnancy. Early detection and proper treatment of thyroid dysfunction can help for better outcome. Hence, thyroid function test must be advised to all pregnant women.

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The Prevalance of Thyroid Dysfunction and Relationship with Perinatal Outcomes in Third Trimester Pregnants Who Apply to Tertiary Center

Cited by 21 publications

References 16 publications

Thyroid Function Test (TSH, T3, T4) and Associated Factors in Early Gestation Among Pregnant Women Attending ANC Clinic in Nekemte Referral Hospital Western Oromia, Ethiopia.

Thyroid Function Test (TSH, T3, T4) and Associated Factors in Early Gestation Among Pregnant Women Attending ANC Clinic in Nekemte Referral Hospital Western Oromia, Ethiopia.

Adequately iodized salt is an important strategy to prevent iodine insufficiency in pregnant women living in Central Java, Indonesia

Prevalence and incidence of thyroid disorder during pregnancy in Bangladesh - a tertiary care hospital based study

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