“…When selecting gifts, givers try to infer receivers’ preferences as well as their perceptions of what the gift conveys about the giver’s thoughtfulness (Belk, 1976; McGrath, Sherry, & Levy, 1993). This seemingly simple process is complicated by people’s struggle to take others’ perspectives (e.g., Gilovich, Medvec, & Savitsky, 2000; Krüger, Mata, & Ihmels, 2014; Weaver, Garcia, & Schwarz, 2012)—and gift givers are no exception. We find that givers believe that giving a partial gift is a greater norm violation than do receivers, which in turn leads givers to incorrectly appraise the amount of value and thoughtfulness that receivers infer—and the amount of appreciation that receivers then experience—from receiving a more desirable but partial gift.…”