THE PREPARATION OF trans 1,4-POLYBUTADIENE BY RHODIUM SALTS IN SOLUTION

Rinehart, Robert E.; Smith, Homer P.; Witt, Harry S.; Romeyn, Hendrik

doi:10.1021/ja01484a043

Cited by 92 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The trans ‐1,4‐PBD obtained with 1 –MMAO is crystalline and shows two melting points at 78.2 °C (−Δ H m = 154.7 J g −1 ) and 135.7 °C (−Δ H m = 63.0 J g −1 ), while that obtained with 1 –MAO does not show a melting point in DSC measurements. Trans ‐1,4‐PBD is able to be synthesized with several catalyst systems containing transition metals such as lanthanoids,32, 33 titanium,34, 35 vanadium,36, 37 chromium,22 iron,23 cobalt38 and rhodium39, 40 (Table 3). The present 1 –MMAO system is one of the most trans ‐1,4‐specific catalysts for BD polymerization, although its activity is not very high.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly trans‐1,4‐specific polymerization of 1,3‐butadiene catalyzed by [2,6‐bis{(4S)‐ (−)‐isopropyl‐2‐oxazolin‐2‐yl}pyridine] chromium complex activated with modified methylaluminoxane

Nakayama

Sogo

Cai

et al. 2011

Polymer International

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Chromium complexes with N,N,N‐tridentate ligands, LCrCl3 (L = 2,6‐bis{(4S)‐(−)‐isopropyl‐2‐oxazolin‐2‐yl}pyridine (1), 2,2′:6′,2″‐terpyridine (2), and 4,4′,4″‐tri‐tert‐butyl‐2,2′:6′,2″‐terpyridine (3)), were prepared. The structures of 1 and 2 were determined by X‐ray crystallography. Upon activation with modified methylaluminoxane (MMAO), 1 catalyzed the polymerization of 1,3‐butadiene, while 2 and 3 was inactive. The obtained poly(1,3‐butadiene) obtained with 1‐MMAO was found to have completely trans‐1,4 structure. The 1‐MMAO system also showed catalytic activity for the polymerization of isoprene to give polyisoprene with trans‐1,4 (68%) and cis‐1,4 (32%) structure. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly trans‐1,4‐specific polymerization of 1,3‐butadiene catalyzed by [2,6‐bis{(4S)‐ (−)‐isopropyl‐2‐oxazolin‐2‐yl}pyridine] chromium complex activated with modified methylaluminoxane

Nakayama

Sogo

Cai

et al. 2011

Polymer International

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“…The solvent was removed in vacuum and the residual solid was washed twice with 10 mL of pentane. The product is obtained as a brown powder in 91% yield (1.21 g 3 ) 4 ] were combined. Cold diethyl ether (20 mL) was added at -60°C, and the dark red solution was stirred for 4 h while slowly warming to room temperature.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The nature of the catalyst has remained unclear. 3 Neutral cobalt complexes [Co(C 8 H 13 )(C 4 H 6 )] 4 in combination with CS 2 afford dispersions of syndiotactic 1,2-polybutadiene, using mini-or microemulsion techniques.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalytic Polymerization of Butadiene in Aqueous Systems with Cationic Nickel(II) Complexes

et al. 2008

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(1) (BHT ) 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxytoluene). Cispolybutadiene is formed in nonaqueous solution polymerization. The presence of water decreases activity and polymer molecular weight and increases trans incorporation of butadiene units. In emulsion polymerization, stable polymer dispersions can be obtained with complex 2 and 3, respectively. The microstructure is strongly altered by comparison to nonaqueous polymerization. Trans-polybutadiene is formed with activities of up to 1.5 × 10 3 mol (butadiene) mol (Ni) -1 h -1 . The semicrystalline latex particles have sizes of ca. 200 nm, with a monoclinic structure.

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“…Rinehart et al 7 reported in 1961 a stereoregular polymerization of butadiene with RhCl 3 , Rh(NO 3 ) 3 , Na [RhCl 4 ] and NH 4 [RhCl 4 ] to the trans-1,4-polybutadiene of high configurational purity (99% trans). They examined ethanol, dimethylformamide, water and aqueous solutions of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate as reaction media and found a strong solvent effect in this polymerization.…”

Section: Buta-13-diene (Butadiene)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Controlled and Living Polymerizations Induced with Rhodium Catalysts. A Review

Sedláček¹,

Vohlı́dal²

2003

Collect. Czech. Chem. Commun.

100

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In the last fifteen years, a large variety of specialty polymers of diverse chemical structure and functionality have been synthesized with the rhodium-based catalysts. The high tolerance to the reaction medium and functional groups of monomers, as well as ability to control various structure features of the polymer formed are typical properties of these catalysts. In addition, some rhodium catalysts can be anchored to inorganic or organic supports or dissolved in ionic liquids to form heterophase polymerization systems, which opens the way to pure, well-defined polymers free of the catalyst residues, as well as to recycling rhodium catalysts. This review provides a survey on the polymerization reactions induced with rhodium-based catalysts, in which one or more structure attributes of the polymer formed are subject to control. The structure attributes considered are (i) sequential arrangement of monomeric units along polymer chains; (ii) head-tail isomerism of polymer molecules; (iii) configurational structure of polymer molecules; (iv) conformation of polymer molecules; and (v) molecular weight and molecular-weight distribution of the polymer formed. A review with 188 references.

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THE PREPARATION OF trans 1,4-POLYBUTADIENE BY RHODIUM SALTS IN SOLUTION

Cited by 92 publications

References 2 publications

Highly trans‐1,4‐specific polymerization of 1,3‐butadiene catalyzed by [2,6‐bis{(4S)‐ (−)‐isopropyl‐2‐oxazolin‐2‐yl}pyridine] chromium complex activated with modified methylaluminoxane

Highly trans‐1,4‐specific polymerization of 1,3‐butadiene catalyzed by [2,6‐bis{(4S)‐ (−)‐isopropyl‐2‐oxazolin‐2‐yl}pyridine] chromium complex activated with modified methylaluminoxane

Catalytic Polymerization of Butadiene in Aqueous Systems with Cationic Nickel(II) Complexes

Controlled and Living Polymerizations Induced with Rhodium Catalysts. A Review

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