The Predictive Value of Arteriogenic Erectile Dysfunction for Coronary Artery Disease in Men

Abstract

Background Erectile dysfunction (ED) is assumed to be connected with vascular disease caused by endothelial dysfunction, and characterized by the incapability of the smooth muscle cells lining the arterioles to relax, therefore, inhibit vasodilatation. Aim To assess the predictive value of arteriogenic ED for coronary artery disease in men above the age of 40 years. Methods 75 Patients reporting arteriogenic ED and 25 men with normal erectile function were enrolled in the study. Both patients and controls were subjected to the following investigations: lipid profile, fasting blood sugar, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, penile duplex study, stress electrocardiography (ECG) test, International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) Type 5 (Arabic version), and cardiovascular (CV) 10-year risk assessment using Framingham and Prospective Cardiovascular Münster (PROCAM) scoring systems. Outcomes We compare between the study groups regarding the interpretation of exercise testing. Results We observed significant increase in the mean value of age, systolic blood pressure, BMI, weight, height, and waist circumference in the cases; significant prevalence of obesity and overweight in the cases (P < .001); significant increase in the mean value of total cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), and low-density lipoprotein; and decrease in mean value of high-density lipoprotein in the cases (P < .001). Additionally, there was high incidence of positive stress ECG in the cases (25.3%) vs that in controls (12%), and significant difference between patients with positive stress ECG test and those with negative stress ECG test regarding their lipid profile, age, BMI, and waist circumference with higher values in positive stress ECG for total cholesterol, TG, and low-density lipoprotein, and lower value for high-density lipoprotein (P < .001). According to PROCAM and Framingham scoring systems 10-year risk assessment, there was a high significant difference between the cases and control groups with a higher score in cases than the control group with 30.7% of cases having ≥ 30% risk of developing coronary heart disease, and significant positive correlations between CV risk and BMI, and negative correlations with IIEF-5 cases (P < .001). Clinical Translation Ischemic heart disease events were higher in men with documented arteriogenic ED than those without ED. Conclusions All items of metabolic syndrome were investigated and analyzed and we evaluated our groups using both PROCAM and Framingham scoring system. An exercise ECG is suggested before starting treatment of vasculogenic ED at least in patients with CV risk factors.

Efficacy and safety of low-intensity shockwave therapy plus tadalafil 5 mg once daily in men with type 2 diabetes mellitus and erectile dysfunction: a matched-pair comparison study

“…1 Over the same period, the global prevalence of the disease among adults has risen from 4.7% to 8.5%. 1 2 3 4 5 DM exerts detrimental effects on multiple body systems including blood vessels, heart, eyes, kidneys, hormones, and nerves. 1 2 3 4 5 Moreover, it has been associated with physical, cognitive, and emotional disabilities.…”

“…1 2 3 4 5 DM exerts detrimental effects on multiple body systems including blood vessels, heart, eyes, kidneys, hormones, and nerves. 1 2 3 4 5 Moreover, it has been associated with physical, cognitive, and emotional disabilities. 2 3 4 5 6 Erectile dysfunction (ED) represents a well-known complication of DM.…”

“…1 2 3 4 5 Moreover, it has been associated with physical, cognitive, and emotional disabilities. 2 3 4 5 6 Erectile dysfunction (ED) represents a well-known complication of DM. The prevalence of ED in men aged 40–70 years was estimated to be 52% in the Massachusetts Male Aging Study.…”

Correlation between internal pudendal artery stenosis and erectile dysfunction in patients with suspected coronary artery disease

“…Montorsi et al reported that the severity of the ED correlates with the severity of the CAD [16]. Therefore, ED is consider more than merely sexual dysfunction, rather, it is considered a warning symptom and an independent predictor of CAD [17–19].…”