The Prediction of Violence and Homicide in Young Men.

Abstract

In this prospective study, the authors predicted violence and homicide in 3 representative school samples (N = 1,517). Participants were part of a longitudinal, multiple cohort study on the development of delinquency in boys from late childhood to early adulthood in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Thirty-three participants were convicted of homicide, 193 participants were convicted of serious violence, whereas another 498 participants self-reported serious violence. Predictors of violence included risk factors in the domains of child, family, school, and demographic characteristics. Boys with 4 or more violence risk factors were 6 times more likely to later commit violence in comparison with boys with fewer than 4 risk factors (odds ratio [OR] = 6.05). A subset of risk factors related to violence also predicted homicide among violent offenders. Boys with 4 or more risk factors for homicide were 14 times more likely to later commit homicide than violent individuals with fewer than 4 risk factors (OR = 14.48). Implications for the prevention of violence and homicide are discussed.

Incarcerated youths with high or low callous–unemotional traits: a comparison controlling for age of crime onset

“…Significant differences were found regarding the criminal variables: results showed that the participants from the High CU traits group had an earlier age of crime onset and were younger when they had their first problem with the law, but only marginally significant differences were found in terms of age of first detention. These data are consistent with previous studies linking higher CU traits to earlier onset of antisocial activity and to earlier contacts with the police and other authorities (e.g., Dadds et al, 2005;Loeber et al, 2005), and reinforce the role of the interrelationship of CU traits with early criminal onset (e.g., Dandreaux & Frick, 2009;Rowe et al, 2010). We also found that the High CU traits group had a higher proportion of youths diagnosed with Conduct Disorder (APA, 2013), and the very high prevalence rate of conduct disorder we found in our total sample (91.3%) was in the higher range of what is typical of some forensic samples (Sevecke & Kosson, 2010).…”

“…Viding, Blair, Moffitt, and Plomin (2005), using a community sample of 7-year old twins, showed that CU traits identified a distinct group of children within those with high conduct problems, concluding that the group with CU traits had an higher genetic risk associated to their problem behavior. Loeber et al (2005), using a community sample of high-risk preadolescents (age range 7-13 years) followed into adulthood, concluded that CU traits could significantly differentiate violent offenders from non-violent offenders.…”

Perpetrators of thefts, perpetrators of robberies and persons with no criminal record: The differences in amorality and socio-economic characteristics

“…S kriminalnim ponašanjem osoba značajno su povezane nepovoljne psihosocijalne karakteristike njihovih primarnih porodica u vidu kriminaliteta, zloupotrebe alkohola i mentalnih oboljenja roditelja (Rydelius, 1981;Murray, Farrington, Sekol, & Olsen, 2009;Klinteberg, Almsquist, Beijer & Rydelius, 2011). Iskustva nasilja u porodici tokom detinjstva takođe značajno doprinose predviđanju nasilnog ponašanja u adolescenciji i odraslom dobu (Gover, 2002;Loeber, Pardini, Homish, Crawford, & Farrington, 2005;Unnever, Cullen, & Agnew, 2006). Ipak, povezanost roditeljskih problema i kriminaliteta mladih osoba delimično je posredovana individualnim faktorima rizika, posebno zloupotrebom alkohola i droga od strane mladih (Klinteberg et al, 2011).…”

“…Između tri grupe takođe su utvrđene razlike u opažanju materijalnog stanja porodice koje je nepovoljnije kod počinilaca krađa (Agnew, 1999). Ipak, nisu dobijene jasne razlike u stepenu fizičkog kažnjavanja koje se u inostranim istraživa-njima dobijaju (Gover, 2002;Loeber et al, 2005;Unnever et al, 2006). Ovaj rezultat se može posmatrati u kontekstu nalaza o rasprostranjenosti fizičkog nasilja u našoj sredini koji je dobijen na velikom stratifikovanom (probabilističkom) uzorku dece: više od dve trećine ukupnog broja dece u Srbiji doživi fizičko nasilje u porodici tokom detinjstva (Hanak & sar., 2013).…”

A Longitudinal Examination of the Relationship between Physical Aggression and Violent Victimization among Urban Minority Chicago Youth and Young Adults

“…Acknowledging these theoretical perspectives and the prior empirical research suggesting an overlap among victims and offenders [3,[15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22], we provide a longitudinal examination of how these outcomes may be intrinsically linked among a large sample of urban minority youth and young adults from Chicago. Specifically, we hypothesize that: 1) physical aggression and violent victimization are shared experiences among urban minority youth and young adults; and 2) the association between perpetrating physical aggression and experiencing violent victimization among urban minority youth and young adults cannot be merely explained away by either demographic variables or a shared commonality of risk factors.…”