The potential role of regenerative medicine in the management of traumatic patients

Abstract

Abstract:Traumatic injury represents the most common cause of death in ages 1 to 44 years and a significant proportion of patients treated in hospital emergency wards each year. Unfortunately, for patients who survive their injuries, survival is not equal to complete recovery. Many traumatic injuries are difficult to treat with conventional therapy and result in permanent disability. In such situations, regenerative medicine has the potential to play an important role in recovery of function. Regenerative medicine is a field that seeks to maintain or restore function with the development of biological substitutes for diseased or damaged tissues. Several regenerative approaches are currently under investigation, with a few achieving clinical application. For example, engineered skin has gained FDA approval, and more than 20 tissue engineered skin substitutes are now commercially available. Other organ systems with promising animal models and small human series include the central and peripheral nervous systems, the musculoskeletal system, the respiratory and genitourinary tracts, and others. This paper will be a clinically oriented review of the regenerative approaches currently under investigation of special interest to those caring for traumatic patients.

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“…These therapies enhance nerve regeneration and functional recovery by providing a supportive environment for damaged nerves. Stem cells can differentiate into nerve cells and promote the regeneration of damaged nerve tissue, potentially restoring lost sensation and muscle function in CuTS patients [ 75 ].…”

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“…For this reason, there has been a notably growing interest in developing innovative approaches and strategies towards the regeneration of multiple tissue units simultaneously. This is evidenced by the increase in the number of publications in this context 2 . Despite the advances made, many challenges still remain.…”

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“…It is also the third most common cause of death worldwide (Yadollahi, 2019 ). In some cases, traumatic injuries are so complex that a full recovery cannot be simply achieved by the conventional therapeutic modalities (Moradi et al., 2015 , Vyas & Vasconez, 2014 ). Wound healing has been accelerated in several ways.…”

“…Biomaterial scaffolds are now commonly used to provide a suitable environment for directed cell proliferation and regeneration of specific cell types, tissues, or organs. Cells migrate and proliferate more when cells communicate with the extracellular matrix (Karami et al., 2019 , Moradi et al., 2015 ). Tissue engineering relies heavily on scaffolds (Moradi et al., 2015 ).…”

“…Cells migrate and proliferate more when cells communicate with the extracellular matrix (Karami et al., 2019 , Moradi et al., 2015 ). Tissue engineering relies heavily on scaffolds (Moradi et al., 2015 ). Collagen is a naturally occurring protein that maintains the structural integrity of cells and tissues.…”