The potential of L. scoparium , K. robusta and P. radiata to mitigate N-losses in silvopastural systems

Esperschuetz, Juergen; Balaine, Nimlesh; Clough, Tim J.; Bulman, Simon; Dickinson, Nicholas; Horswell, Jacqui; Robinson, Brett

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2017.03.042

Cited by 17 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…However, even a large biosolids application (1350 kg N ha −1 equiv.) to rebuild a low-fertility soil did not result in phytotoxic concentrations in this species (Esperschuetz et al, 2017a,b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Response of a Pioneering Species (Leptospermum scoparium J.R.Forst. & G.Forst.) to Heterogeneity in a Low-Fertility Soil

et al. 2019

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Root foraging may increase plant nutrient acquisition at the cost of reducing the total volume of soil explored, thereby reducing the chance of the roots encountering additional patches. Patches in soil seldom contain just one nutrient: the patch may also have distinct textural, hydrological, and toxicological characteristics. We sought to determine the characteristics of root foraging by a pioneering species, Leptospermum scoparium, using pot trials and rhizobox experiments with patches of biosolids. The growth of L. scoparium was increased by <50 t/ha equiv. of biosolids but higher doses were inhibitory. Roots foraged patches of biosolids in a low-fertility soil. There was no evidence of chemotaxis, rather, the roots proliferated toward the patch of biosolids, following chemical gradients of nitrate. While the biosolids also contained high concentrations of other nutrients (P, K, and S), only significant chemical gradients of nitrate were found. Once the roots encountered a patch of biosolids, the growth of the plant increased to a level similar to plants growing in soil homogeneously mixed with biosolids or surface-applied biosolids. Our results indicate that roots forage nitrate, which is mobile in soil, and that gradients of nitrate may lead to patches containing other less mobile nutrients, such as phosphate or potassium.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Response of a Pioneering Species (Leptospermum scoparium J.R.Forst. & G.Forst.) to Heterogeneity in a Low-Fertility Soil

et al. 2019

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“…Potentially, biowastes could be used to re-establish native vegetation on land that is physically, biologically or chemically degraded (Gutiérrez-Ginés et al, 2017b). The latter driver has been proposed since at least 2002 in NZ (O'Connor et al, 2002); more recently by Dickinson et al (2015), Esperschuetz et al (2017b), and Gutiérrez-Ginés et al (2019). Native plant species are increasingly grown for honey, timber, oils, fiber, and medicinal extracts 4 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Biowastes to Establish Native Plants and Ecosystems in New Zealand

Simcock

Cavanagh

Robinson

et al. 2019

Front. Sustain. Food Syst.

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Biowastes can enhance the establishment of New Zealand (NZ) native vegetation, particularly on degraded land, where biological or physicochemical deficiencies limit plant growth. We identified critical success factors influencing selection and use of biowastes for a) growing native plants and b) rehabilitating native ecosystems. These were: weed competition; resilience (especially to drought and storms); ecosystem succession; and soil microbiome responses to elevated Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Organic Matter (OM) and contaminants (including Trace Elements). These factors determine the selection, timing and methods of biowaste application, selection of plant species and target ecosystems, and post-application management of receiving sites. Commonly planted native NZ species benefit from biowastes application where soils have depleted OM or sites with surface crusting, erosion, or high exposure to wind and temperature fluctuations. Commonly planted native species display luxury uptake of macro-nutrients, even on soils that are low-fertility under agricultural standards. Therefore, the growth responses to additional nutrients may be small. In contrast, most exotic weeds outcompete NZ species in high fertility soils. Therefore, biowaste application should not result in excessive nutrient availability. This can be achieved by using blends that contain a high-carbon biowaste, such as wood-waste, which immobilizes some macronutrients in the short term. We recommend long-term research using mixed-species field trials to identify biowastes and application methods that together support development of resilient native ecosystems. In particular, research should determine the role of biowastes on the beneficial mycorrhizae and native soil fauna. Application methods that enhance heterogeneity may help retain and/or build responsive microbiomes while conserving "native" microbiomes to deliver sustainable, rehabilitated native ecosystems.

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“…In order to reduce the negative effects of tropical livestock farming on animals, studies have been carried out in the Amazon, where different agroforestry, agrosilvopastoral or silvopastoral systems (SPS) have been tested, with good results in raising the water buffalo [55][56][57] (Figure 3). SPS are characterized by combining woody perennial plants (trees or shrubs), with herbaceous or fickle (grasses, herbaceous legumes and weeds) and the presence of animals [58,59]. In these areas, the air temperature under the tree tops can be between 2 to 3 ° C lower than that registered directly in the sun [60].…”

Section: Behavioral Changes Due To Heat Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological and Behavioral Changes of Water Buffalo in Hot and Cold Systems: Review

et al. 2020

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This review's objective is to provide information on the mechanisms that buffaloes express during the thermoregulation process. Generally, the water buffalo is associated with warm and tropical climates. In these systems, the combination of high temperature, relative humidity, and radiation cause different physiological and behavioral changes, particularly during the summer months. Wallowing behavior in water or mud promotes heat dissipation through physical mechanisms, such as conduction, convection, and radiation. Furthermore, the provision of natural or artificial shades contributes to thermoregulation and maintains homeostasis. In production systems in cold climates, the wallowing behavior is inhibited by the water temperature, so it is important to keep the animals protected in stables to avoid the cold winds and rapid drops in temperature, causing increased illness pneumonia and sometimes death. Finally, in cold conditions, the animals require an appropriate diet since the use of energy is distributed mainly for the production of heat. Thus, heat stress and cold stress generates relevant problems in health, welfare, and productivity in water buffaloes. A comprehensive assessment of the severity of the resulting problems associated with thermal stress and specialty in cold stress in water buffaloes is necessary so far, and there's very little information about it in this species.

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The potential of L. scoparium , K. robusta and P. radiata to mitigate N-losses in silvopastural systems

Cited by 17 publications

References 38 publications

Response of a Pioneering Species (Leptospermum scoparium J.R.Forst. & G.Forst.) to Heterogeneity in a Low-Fertility Soil

Response of a Pioneering Species (Leptospermum scoparium J.R.Forst. & G.Forst.) to Heterogeneity in a Low-Fertility Soil

Using Biowastes to Establish Native Plants and Ecosystems in New Zealand

Physiological and Behavioral Changes of Water Buffalo in Hot and Cold Systems: Review

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