The potential for treatment with dietary long-chain polyunsaturated n-3 fatty acids during chemotherapy

Biondo, Patricia; Brindley, David N.; Sawyer, Michael B.; Field, Catherine J.

doi:10.1016/j.jnutbio.2008.02.003

Cited by 123 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 128 publications

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“…Indeed, to be able get across the ECM, the metastatic cells have both the enzymatic tools to digest it, and a composition of integrins that differs from that of normal cells (24). Another possible hypothesis is that DHA, and perhaps other n-3 PUFAs, are able to compartmentalize at the level of the plasma membrane molecules or membrane proteins in particular structures, such as lipid rafts, that are now considered to be important in cell signaling (25,26). To conclude, it looks as though, depending on the amount present, DHA might play an important role in the processes by which normal and/or differentiated cells gain certain characteristics, allowing them to slow their proliferation and minimize their metastatic potential.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Docosahexaenoic acid intake decreases proliferation, increases apoptosis and decreases the invasive potential of the human breast carcinoma cell line MDA-MB-231

Blanckaert

Ulmann²,

Mimouni³

et al. 2010

Int J Oncol

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Abstract. Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women in industrialized countries. Environmental factors, such as differences in diet are likely to have an important influence on cancer emergence. Among these factors, n-3 polyunsaturated-fatty acids, such as docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), are good candidates for preventing breast cancer. Here we investigate the effect of DHA on the human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 and show that DHA incorporation i) has an anti-proliferative effect, ii) induces apoptosis via a transient increase in caspase-3 activity and the promotion of nuclear condensation, and iii) reduces the invasive potential of MDA-MB-231 cells. To conclude, DHA may have beneficial effects as a result of slowing the proliferation of tumor cells, and minimizing their metastatic potential. IntroductionFor several decades, genetic and environmental factors have been explored in order to elucidate the appearance of tumors. Genetic factors are obviously involved in carcinogenesis, but diet is an environmental factor that is likely to have an influence on health (1), and particularly on tumor emergence (2-4). It has been shown that n-3 polyunsaturated, long-chain fatty acids (PUFAs), such as docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) or eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), are able to play an important preventive role in cardiovascular disease (5) and cancer (6). This conclusion is based partly on the observation that the incidence of these diseases is lower in Japanese people, whose diet is seafood based, resulting in a more balanced ratio between n-3 and n-6 PUFA than that of the Western diet (7). Even though this resource may be depleted in the future by the overharvesting of n-3 PUFA rich fish, it could be replaced by using marine microalgae, which have been identified as an important alternative source of DHA and EPA (8,9). Breast cancer is one of the cancers most frequently observed in industrialized countries, and the one with the highest incidence in women. Epidemiological studies have shown that the rate of breast cancer is 4 to 5 times higher in Western countries than in Japan (1,10). The mechanism by which DHA and EPA could provide protection against the appearance of a tumor, or directly influence cancer cells by reducing their malignancy, remains unclear, since cohort studies do not reveal any correlation between fat intake and breast cancer (1). Nevertheless, some evidence hints that DHA not only acts as an anti-proliferative agent by lengthening the cell cycle between the G2/M transition (11), but is also a proapoptotic factor, increasing caspase-3 and Bax (12,13). In addition, DHA has been shown to affect cell proliferation, whatever its source (i.e., fish oil or microalgae) (14). It has also been shown that the n-3 PUFAs and DHA, in particular, can act on lipid peroxidation as well as on the proteins implicated in the ROS mechanism leading to cell death (15,16).In this study, the effects of two concentrations of DHA (20 and 100 μM) were investigated on the human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231. DHA incorpo...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Docosahexaenoic acid intake decreases proliferation, increases apoptosis and decreases the invasive potential of the human breast carcinoma cell line MDA-MB-231

Blanckaert

Ulmann²,

Mimouni³

et al. 2010

Int J Oncol

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“…5 Experimental studies in a variety of tumor types using several different chemotherapy agents including anthracyclines, cisplatin, irinotecan, and alkylating agents have reported greater efficacy of chemotherapy when fish oil (eicosapentaenoic acid, EPA 20:5 n-3 and docosahexaenoic acid, DHA 22:6 n-3) is added to the diet or cell medium. [6][7][8][9][10] The mechanisms of action of these antineoplastic agents vary, suggesting that fish oil modulates chemotherapy response via diverse mechanisms (see Biondo et al 11 and Baracos et al 12 for reviews). EPA and DHA may also have antitumor effects including inhibition of angiogenesis and metastasis 12 ; however, the specific mechanisms behind these effects have not been elucidated.…”

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confidence: 99%

Supplementation with fish oil increases first-line chemotherapy efficacy in patients with advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer

Murphy

Mourtzakis

Chu

et al. 2011

Cancer

199

107

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“…Besides an adequate intake of energy-building substrates, an optimum supply of micronutrients is also required (27)(28)(29)(30)147). Therefore, in recent years the administration of micronutrient supplements to cancer patients has gained growing interest (31, [47][48][49][50][51]53,54,56). From the dietetic-therapeutic point of view, such substances can perform the following functions (148): i) compensation of a nutrient deficit induced by the cancer disease itself and/ or the antineoplastic therapy with the aim of improving the patient's nutritional status; and ii) specific supplementation for dietetic-therapeutic purposes aiming less at the supply of nutrients, rather at taking a beneficial influence on the course of the disease.…”

Section: Tumor-associated Deficit Of Micronutrients -Pathophysiologicmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Against this background it is evident that a supportive nutrition therapy should be an integral part of cancer care (44)(45)(46). In addition to a sufficient supply of energy substrates, vitamins and minerals as well as long-chain ˆ-3 fatty acids are becoming more and more interesting (31, [47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56], although the therapeutic benefit of such supplements is the subject of a controversial discussion, especially in respect ONCOLOGY REPORTS 24: 815-828, 2010 of supplements with high concentrations of antioxidants like the vitamins C and E and the trace element selenium (57)(58)(59)(60)(61)(62)(63)(64)(65)(66).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrition in oncology: the case of micronutrients (Review)

Ströhle¹

2010

Oncol Rep

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Abstract. In the course of cancer disease, many oncological patients develop tumor-associated malnutrition characterized by an insufficient supply of macro-and micronutrients. The inadequate nutritional status and the cancer anorexia-cachexia syndrome related to it are clinically relevant, as the response to antineoplastic measures, such as radiation and chemotherapy, is diminished, their side effects aggravated and the patient's quality of life and prognosis negatively affected. Therefore, the supportive nutrition care of oncological patients is of central importance. In this context, vitamins, minerals and long-chain ˆ-3 fatty acids are becoming more and more relevant in oncology although the benefit of such supplements is discussed controversially. Starting from a description of the etiopathogenesis and the pathophysiological consequences of cancer-associated malnutrition, the present study provides an overview of the importance of micronutrients for oncological patients. In the case of reduced food intake and/or inappropriate food choice the use of a multi-vitaminmultimineral supplement administered in physiological doses, i.e. nutrient quantities approximately corresponding to the recommended daily allowances, can be generally recommended. However, to enhance postoperative wound healing, it seems that cancer patients require higher amounts of micronutrients than healthy individuals. Because vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent in oncological patients, improvement of vitamin D status is of special interest.

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The potential for treatment with dietary long-chain polyunsaturated n-3 fatty acids during chemotherapy

Cited by 123 publications

References 128 publications

Docosahexaenoic acid intake decreases proliferation, increases apoptosis and decreases the invasive potential of the human breast carcinoma cell line MDA-MB-231

Docosahexaenoic acid intake decreases proliferation, increases apoptosis and decreases the invasive potential of the human breast carcinoma cell line MDA-MB-231

Supplementation with fish oil increases first-line chemotherapy efficacy in patients with advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer

Nutrition in oncology: the case of micronutrients (Review)

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