Supplementation with fish oil increases first-line chemotherapy efficacy in patients with advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer

Murphy, Rachel A.; Mourtzakis, Marina; Chu, Quincy S.; Baracos, Vickie E.; Reiman, SM Tony; Mazurak, Vera C.

doi:10.1002/cncr.25933

Cited by 199 publications

(126 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The high incidence of cancer cachexia symptoms arising in advanced nsclc 11 has made this patient population a frequent target for cancer cachexia research 12,13 . Specialized multidisciplinary clinics combining individualized nutrition and physical activity interventions, together with optimal psychosocial support and medical management, are being developed worldwide.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise and Nutrition Interventions in Advanced Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review

et al. 2013

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise and Nutrition Interventions in Advanced Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review

et al. 2013

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“…Further evidence is difficult to obtain as randomised, controlled trials similar to those carried out in CVD are not possible in cancer, but there are studies indicating some beneficial effects of n-3 LC-PUFA supplementation in chemotherapy (Bougnoux et al, 2009). In small lung carcinoma, n-3 LC-PUFA appear to sensitise cancerous cells to chemotherapeutants thus increasing efficiency and perhaps decreasing side effects, enabling the patient to undergo more cycles (Murphy et al, 2011a).…”

Section: Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids and aquaculture in perspective

2015

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Abbreviations: ARA, arachidonic acid (20:4n-6); CVD, cardiovascular disease; DHA, docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3); DPA, docosapentaenoic acid (22:5n-3); EFA, essential fatty acid; Elovl, fatty acid elongase; EPA, eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n-3); Fads, fatty acyl desaturase; FM, fishmeal; FO, fish oil; LC-PUFA, long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (≥ C20 ≥ 3 double bonds); LOA, linoleic acid (18:2n-6); LNA, linolenic acid (18:3n-3); PUFA, polyunsaturated fatty acid; TAG, triacylglycerol; VO, vegetable oil. ABSTRACTIn the 40 years since the essentiality of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in fish was first established by determining quantitative requirements for 18:3n-3 and 18:2n-6 in rainbow trout, essential fatty acid (EFA) research has gone through distinct phases. For 20 years the focus was primarily on determining qualitative and quantitative EFA requirements of fish species. Nutritional and biochemical studies showed major differences between fish species based on whether C 18 PUFA or long-chain (LC)-PUFA were required to satisfy requirements. In contrast, in the last 20 years, research emphasis shifted to determining "optimal" levels of EFA to support growth of fish fed diets with increased lipid content and where growth expectations were much higher. This required greater knowledge of the roles and functions of EFA in metabolism and physiology, and how these impacted on fish health and disease. Requirement studies were more focused on early life stages, in particular larval marine fish, defining not only levels, but also balances between different EFA. Finally, a major driver in the last 10-15 years has been the unavoidable replacement of fish oil and fishmeal in feeds and the impacts that this can have on n-3 LC-PUFA contents of diets and farmed fish, and the human consumer. Thus, dietary n-3 in fish feeds can be defined by three levels.Firstly, the minimum level required to satisfy EFA requirements and thus prevent nutritional pathologies. This level is relatively small and easy to supply even with today's current high demand for fish oil. The second level is that required to sustain maximum growth and optimum health in fish being fed modern high-energy diets. The balance between different PUFA and LC-PUFA is important and defining them is more challenging, and so ideal levels and balances are still not well understood, particularly in relation to fish health. The third level is currently driving much research; how can we supply sufficient n-3 LC-PUFA to maintain the nutritional quality of farmed fish at the same level as 20 years ago, and similar or better than in wild fish? This level far exceeds the biological requirements of the fish itself and to satisfy it we require entirely new sources of n-3 LC-PUFA. We cannot rely on the finite and limited marine resources that we can sustainably harvest or 3 efficiently recycle. We need to produce n-3 LC-PUFA de novo and all possible options should be considered.Keywords: Fish oil; essential fatty acids; nutrition; health; metabolism; sustainability 4 Highl...

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“…Therefore, the option of supporting the activity of cisplatin by a fish oil diet under a conditioned balance of oxidation and antioxidation adjusted by vitamins E and C is of interest 126 . Recently, it was shown that a combination of lipid capsules containing DHA with standard platinum-based chemotherapy increased the response rates and clinical benefits in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer 127 . Fish oil-based lipid emulsion rich in DHA, which is used in humans as a component of parenteral nutrition, evoked accumulation of colon cancer cells in the G2/M cell cycle phase and induced apoptosis.…”

Section: Potentiation Of Anticancer Chemotherapeutic Drug Effects By Dhamentioning

confidence: 99%

Docosahexaenoic fatty acid (DHA) in the regulation of colon cell growth and cell death: A review

Skender¹,

Vaculová²,

Hofmanová³

2012

BIOMED PAP

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Background. Experimental, epidemiological and clinical data substantiate the beneficial role of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in preventing inflammation and cancer of the colon. This review covers the unsaturated docosahexaenoic fatty acid (DHA), describes some of its important cellular and molecular mechanisms, its interaction with another dietary lipid, butyrate and with endogenous apoptotic regulators of the tumour necrosis factor (TNF) family. We also discuss the clinical impact of this knowledge and the use of these lipids in colon cancer prevention and treatment. Results. From the literature, DHA has been shown to suppress the growth, induce apoptosis in colon cancer cells in vitro and decrease the incidence and growth of experimental tumours in vivo. Based on these data and our own experimental results, we describe and discuss the possible mechanisms of DHA anticancer effects at various levels of cell organization. We show that DHA can sensitize colon cancer cells to other chemotherapeutic/chemopreventive agents and affect the action of physiological apoptotic regulators of the TNF family. Conclusion. Use of n-3 PUFAs could be a relatively non-toxic form of supportive therapy for improving colon cancer treatment and slowing down or preventing its recurrence. However, it is necessary to use them with caution, based on solid scientific evidence of their mechanisms of action from the molecular to the cellular and organism levels.

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Supplementation with fish oil increases first-line chemotherapy efficacy in patients with advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer

Cited by 199 publications

References 36 publications

Exercise and Nutrition Interventions in Advanced Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review

Exercise and Nutrition Interventions in Advanced Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review

Omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids and aquaculture in perspective

Docosahexaenoic fatty acid (DHA) in the regulation of colon cell growth and cell death: A review

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