The potential anti-inflammatory effect of Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on experimentally induced ulcerative colitis in rats

Abstract

Ulcerative Colitis (UC) is one of the major inflammatory Bowel Syndrome which shows incremental incidence worldwide, with particular occurrence in North America and Middle East. In the present study, the potential protective and curative effects and the molecular mechanisms of Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3PUFAs) in rat model of acetic acidinduced UC were investigated. Forty male albino rats were divided into five equal groups. Group I: (Control group) rats received no drugs. Group II: (Early UC-induced group) rats received 2 ml (3% v/v) glacial acetic acid intra-colonially at 21 th day of experiment and sacrificed 3 days later. Group III: (Early UC+ ω-3PUFAs protected group) rats received Omega-3 (300 mg/kg body weight/day) orally for 21 days prior to glacial acetic acid administration and sacrificed 3 days later. Group IV: (Late UC-induced group) rats received glacial acetic acid similar to group II for 3 successive days and sacrificed after 21 days. Group V: (Late UC+ ω-3PUFAs treated group) rats first administered with glacial acetic acid then after 3 days ω-3PUFAs was administered for 21 days. The results showed significant increase in L-malondialdehyde (L-MDA) and myeloperoxidase (MOP) activity with marked decrease in reduced glutathione (GSH) and catalase (CAT) activity in colon tissue of UC-induced rats as compared with control group. However, a significant depletion of colon tissue L-MDA, MOP activity and obvious increase in GSH concentration and CAT activity were observed after ω-3PUFAs administration compared to UC-non treated group. Additionally, a significant upregulation of mRNA gene expression levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), Caspase-3 and downregulation in B cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) were observed in colon tissue of UC-induced rats. However, the expression levels of IL-1β and Caspase-3 were down-regulated, and Bcl-2 was up-regulated after administration of ω-3PUFAs. These results suggest that, ω-3PUFAs protect rats' colonic mucosa against acetic acid-induced UC as evidenced by histopathological studies and may be effective in enhances the healing of UC via anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic activities and regenerating endogenous antioxidant mechanism.

Chemoprevention effect of the Mediterranean diet on colorectal cancer: Current studies and future prospects

“…The results showed that after administration of n-3PUFAs, the expression levels of IL-1 and Caspase-3 were downregulated, whereas Bcl-2 was upregulated. These findings imply that n-3 PUFAs protect the colonic mucosa of rats against acetic acid-induced UC, and may aid in the repair of UC via anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic properties, as well as a regenerative endogenous antioxidant mechanism ( 307 ).…”

Анализ Влияния Омега-3-Полиненасыщенных Жирных Кислот На Воспаление: Патогенетические Механизмы, Эффектыи Клиническое Значение Их Применения

“…Цитокины продуцируются широким кругом клеток, включая моноциты и макрофаги, Т-лимфоциты, В-лимфоциты и тучные клетки, а также другие типы клеток, такие как эндотелиальные, фибробласты и адипоциты. Цитокины ассоциируются с воспалительными заболеваниями, при этом более высокий уровень ФНО, IL-1β, IL-6 и IL-8 является общим признаком многих воспалительных состояний [23][24][25]. Экспериментальные исследования показали, что ЭПК и ДГК подавляли стимулированную бактериальными эндотоксинами продукцию провоспалительных цитокинов IL-6 и IL-8 культивируемыми клетками эндотелия человека [34,35,[45][46][47][48], тогда как ЭПК подавляли индуцированную эндотоксинами продукцию TNF культивируемыми моноцитами [31][32][33].…”