The possible role of nitric oxide signaling and NMDA receptors in allopurinol effect on maximal electroshock- and pentylenetetrazol-induced seizures in mice

Rahimi, Nastaran; Modabberi, Sepideh; Faghir‐Ghanesefat, Hedyeh; Shayan, Maryam; Maroufi, Seyed Farzad; Dafe, Elaheh Asgari; Dehpour, Ahmad Reza

doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2022.136620

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…For the patients with residual sequelae from ongoing neuroinflammation (i.e., persistent pleocytosis, intrathecal oligoclonal bands, elevated IgG index, or CSF neopterin), empiric retrial of immunotherapy should balance the risk and benefit; connecting with experts might be helpful ( Hur, 2015 ;Nosadini et al, 2021b ). Morphine and allopurinol play some role in the NMDA receptor/nitric oxide (NO) pathway in the mice model ( Rahimi et al, 2022 ;Zamanian et al, 2020 ). These potential drugs might be helpful for the management of autoimmune encephalitis in the future.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis presenting as fever with undetermined cause

Liang¹,

Chen²

2022

International Journal of Infectious Diseases

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis presenting as fever with undetermined cause

Liang¹,

Chen²

2022

International Journal of Infectious Diseases

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“…ALL is a noncompetitive inhibitor of tryptophan-2,3-dioxygenase, an enzyme from the tryptophan degradation pathway, in which quinolinic acid (QUIN) is generated and considered an endogenous neurotoxin, as well as an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor receptor agonist with proconvulsant action [19]; therefore, decreasing QUIN levels by tryptophan-2,3-dioxygenase inhibition could be another indirect mechanism of the antiseizure effect of ALL [7,8]. Rahimi et al [6], suggested the nitric oxide pathway for an antiseizure effect of ALL, because nitric oxide synthase inhibitors prevented its antiseizure effect. Even in the ALL-vehicle group, a decrease in amplitude and frequency of the electrophysiological activity was observed compared to basal activity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has shown neuroprotective, antioxidant and antiseizure properties [4]. ALL antiseizure effects have been observed in a feline hippocampal kindling model [5] and pentylenetetrazole model [6]. In patients with refractory epilepsy, ALL reduced the number and frequency of seizures when administered with a preexisting antiepileptic drug [7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Allopurinol and ellagic acid decrease epileptiform activity and the severity of convulsive behavior in a model of status epilepticus

Pardo-Peña

Medina‐Ceja²,

Martínez-Gallegos³

et al. 2022

NeuroReport

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Background During status epilepticus, severe seizures can occur, generating recurrent cycles of excitotoxicity and oxidative stress that cause neuronal damage and cell death. The administration of agents with antioxidant properties represents a therapeutic alternative aimed at reducing the severity of status epilepticus and mitigating the neurobiological consequences that precede them.Objective The objective of this work was to evaluate the antiseizure effect of the antioxidants allopurinol (ALL) and ellagic acid during status epilepticus induced by pilocarpine (PILO).Methods Male Wistar rats (200-250 g) were injected with ALL (50 mg/kg) or ellagic acid (50 mg/kg), 30 min before PILO administration (pretreatment) or 60 min after the beginning of status epilepticus, to evaluate the antiseizure effect of these drugs on epileptiform activity and convulsive behavior.Results ALL or ellagic acid administration before or after PILO significantly decreased the epileptiform activity and the severity of convulsive behavior. Better efficacy was observed when the drugs were administered as a pretreatment, increasing the latency time of the appearance of status epilepticus from 27.2 ± 2.6 to 45.8 ± 3.31 min, and significantly reducing the amplitude of epileptiform discharges by 53.5% with ALL and 68.9% with ellagic acid. ConclusionThe antioxidants ALL and ellagic acid showed an antiseizure effect, representing an alternative to reduce epileptiform activity and severity of convulsive behavior during status epilepticus, an effect that may be used as adjuvants to mitigate or reduce oxidative damage processes.

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“…The PTZ model is ideal for its translation to mammalian models. PTZ has been used to induce seizures in rodents [ 157 ], canines [ 158 ], and primates [ 159 ]. Using the PTZ model, early zebrafish studies focused on zebrafish larvae and their changes in electrical activity [ 97 ].…”

Section: Current Aquatic Vertebrate Seizure Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aquatic Freshwater Vertebrate Models of Epilepsy Pathology: Past Discoveries and Future Directions for Therapeutic Discovery

Williams¹,

Mruk²

2022

IJMS

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Epilepsy is an international public health concern that greatly affects patients’ health and lifestyle. About 30% of patients do not respond to available therapies, making new research models important for further drug discovery. Aquatic vertebrates present a promising avenue for improved seizure drug screening and discovery. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) and African clawed frogs (Xenopus laevis and tropicalis) are increasing in popularity for seizure research due to their cost-effective housing and rearing, similar genome to humans, ease of genetic manipulation, and simplicity of drug dosing. These organisms have demonstrated utility in a variety of seizure-induction models including chemical and genetic methods. Past studies with these methods have produced promising data and generated questions for further applications of these models to promote discovery of drug-resistant seizure pathology and lead to effective treatments for these patients.

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The possible role of nitric oxide signaling and NMDA receptors in allopurinol effect on maximal electroshock- and pentylenetetrazol-induced seizures in mice

Cited by 11 publications

References 60 publications

Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis presenting as fever with undetermined cause

Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis presenting as fever with undetermined cause

Allopurinol and ellagic acid decrease epileptiform activity and the severity of convulsive behavior in a model of status epilepticus

Aquatic Freshwater Vertebrate Models of Epilepsy Pathology: Past Discoveries and Future Directions for Therapeutic Discovery

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