The possibilities of practical application of transgenic mammalian species generated by somatic cell cloning in pharmacology, veterinary medicine and xenotransplantology

Abstract

Cloning of genetically-modified mammals to produce: 1) novel animal bioreactors expressing human genes in rens, urinary bladder and the male accessory sex glands, as well as 2) porcine organs suitable in pig-to-human xenotransplantology, could offer new advantages for biomedical purposes. So too does the generation and/or multiplication of genetically-engineered cloned animals in order to produce: 3) physiologically-relevant animal models of serious monogenic human diseases and 4) prion disease-resistant small as well as large animals (i.e., rodents, ruminants). The basic purpose of this paper is to overview current knowledge deciphering the possibilities of using transgenic specimens created by somatic cell nuclear transfer in medical pharmacology, veterinary medicine, agriculture, transplantational medicine and immunology.

Expression of pluripotency‐related genes is highly dependent on trichostatin A‐assisted epigenomic modulation of porcine mesenchymal stem cells analysed for apoptosis and subsequently used for generating cloned embryos

“…SCNT represents itself a strategy which allows to produce transgenic animals for xenotransplantation purposes. However, the efficiency of somatic cell cloning in pigs, which is measured with the rate of embryos developing up to blastocyst stage or the rate of born offspring in relation to the number of reconstructed oocytes, remains disappointingly low (Li et al, ; Samiec & Skrzyszowska, , ). To improve the efficiency of generating porcine cloned embryos by SCNT, in the current investigation, we used a non‐specific inhibitor of histone deacetylases (HDACs), designated as trichostatin A (TSA) for epigenomic transformation of MSCs that provided a source of nuclear donor cells.…”

BIX-01294 increases pig cloning efficiency by improving epigenetic reprogramming of somatic cell nuclei

“…Pigs have been widely used in biomedical applications for decades as animal models for human diseases and as genetically defined models for surgery and xenotransplantation because these animals have an anatomy and physiology that are similar to humans , Samiec & Skrzyszowska 2011a. Advances in pig genome annotation, genetic modification (GM) of pig cells and somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT), have facilitated the generation of GM pigs for various biomedical applications.…”

Effect of histone deacetylase inhibitor romidepsin on thein vitrogrowth of foetal fibroblast cells and early development of porcine-cloned embryos

“…Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) is of profound significance to save endangered animals, create transgenic animals, duplicate elite livestock, and provide tools and materials for basic research in biomedical field (Sameic 2005;Samiec & Skrzyszowska 2011a, 2011b. Transgenic cloned pigs are of great importance in animal husbandry and are also regarded as an ideal model for human diseases due to these characteristics of abundant resources, high fecundity, and physiological and anatomical structure similarities to humans (Samiec & Skrzyszowska 2011a;Samiec et al 2012;Kurome et al 2013;Ma et al 2016).…”

“…Transgenic cloned pigs are of great importance in animal husbandry and are also regarded as an ideal model for human diseases due to these characteristics of abundant resources, high fecundity, and physiological and anatomical structure similarities to humans (Samiec & Skrzyszowska 2011a;Samiec et al 2012;Kurome et al 2013;Ma et al 2016). Viable SCNTderived offspring were successfully obtained in pigs 16 years ago (Betthauser et al 2000;Onishi et al 2000;Polejaeva et al 2000).…”