The polyherbal drug GGEx18 from  Laminaria japonica, Rheum palmatum , and  Ephedra sinica  inhibits hepatic steatosis and fibroinflammtion in high-fat diet-induced obese mice

Lim, Jonghoon; Lee, Haerim; Ahn, Junho; Kim, Jeongjun; Jang, Joonseong; Park, Yonghyun; Jeong, Birang; Yang, Heejung; Shin, Soon Shik; Yoon, Michung

doi:10.1016/j.jep.2018.06.034

Cited by 17 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…2017; Lim et al. 2018) activities. A recent report related to the present study investigated the effect of E. sinica extracts on hyperlipidaemia in mice (Fan et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Ephedrae Herba methanol extract on high-fat diet-induced hyperlipidaemic mice

Lee

Lim

et al. 2019

Pharmaceutical Biology

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Context: Ephedrae Herba (EH), the dried stems and leaves of Ephedra sinica Stapf., E. intermedia Schrenk et C. A. Mey., or E. equisetina Bge. (Ephedraceae [Ephedra]) is used to treat respiratory diseases. Recently, especially in the Republic of Korea, EH has also been used for weight reduction. Objective: We evaluated the effects and molecular targets of methanol EH extract (EHM) on high-fat diet (HFD)-induced hyperlipidemic ICR mice. Materials and methods: EHM was orally administered (100 mg/kg body weight/day) for 3 weeks. We observed changes in body weight (BW), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, and triglycerides to evaluate the physiological changes induced by HFD or EHM administration. To evaluate lipid peroxidation and liver toxicity, malondialdehyde and blood alanine aminotransferase levels were measured. In addition to analyzing liver gene expression profiles, EHM target proteins were identified using a protein interaction database. Results: EHM administration for 3 weeks significantly (p < 0.05) decreased TC and triglyceride levels without altering BW in mice, and gene expression levels in the livers of EHM-treated mice were restored at 34.0% and 48.4% of those up-or down-regulated by hyperlipidaemia, respectively. Proteins related to DNA repair and energy metabolism were identified via protein interaction network analysis as molecular targets of EHM that play key roles in ameliorating hyperlipidaemia. Discussion and conclusions: EHM regulated hyperlipidaemia by decreasing total blood lipid and triglyceride levels in hyperlipidaemic mice. EHM showed preventive effects against hyperlipidaemia in mice, possibly via the regulation of DNA repair and the expression of energy metabolism-related genes and proteins.

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“…2017; Lim et al. 2018) activities. A recent report related to the present study investigated the effect of E. sinica extracts on hyperlipidaemia in mice (Fan et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2017; Lim et al. 2018), but there are few studies regarding the effects of EH alone, and the associated underlying mechanisms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Ephedrae Herba methanol extract on high-fat diet-induced hyperlipidaemic mice

Lee

Lim

et al. 2019

Pharmaceutical Biology

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“…), Lycium barbarum polysaccharide, Jatrorrhizine hydrochloride, oxyresveratrol, and alisol A isolated from Rhizoma alismatis (Oriental Waterplantain Tuber.) attenuated liver steatosis in HFD-fed animals via regulating lipogenic genes, predominantly relating with downregulation of SREBP-1c expression via AMPK activation Li W. et al, 2014;Lee Y. H. et al, 2016;Yang et al, 2016;Lee et al, 2018;Lim et al, 2018;Ho et al, 2019). Gangjihwan, a polyherbal composition of Ephedra intermedia Schrenk & C.A.Mey., Lithospermum erythrorhizon Siebold & Zucc., and Rheum palmatum L., showed anti-obesity and antinonalcoholic steatohepatosis effects in HFD-fed mice.…”

Section: Reducing Hepatic De Novo Lipogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impacts of Herbal Medicines and Natural Products on Regulating the Hepatic Lipid Metabolism

Guo

et al. 2020

Front. Pharmacol.

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The dysregulation of hepatic lipid metabolism is one of the hallmarks in many liver diseases including alcoholic liver diseases (ALD) and non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases (NAFLD). Hepatic inflammation, lipoperoxidative stress as well as the imbalance between lipid availability and lipid disposal, are direct causes of liver steatosis. The application of herbal medicines with anti-oxidative stress and lipid-balancing properties has been extensively attempted as pharmaceutical intervention for liver disorders in experimental and clinical studies. Although the molecular mechanisms underlying their hepatoprotective effects warrant further exploration, increasing evidence demonstrated that many herbal medicines are involved in regulating lipid accumulation processes including hepatic lipolytic and lipogenic pathways, such as mitochondrial and peroxisomal b-oxidation, the secretion of very low density lipoprotein (VLDL), the non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) uptake, and some vital hepatic lipogenic enzymes. Therefore, in this review, the pathways or crucial mediators participated in the dysregulation of hepatic lipid metabolism are systematically summarized, followed by the current evidences and advances in the positive impacts of herbal medicines and natural products on the lipid metabolism pathways are detailed. Furthermore, several herbal formulas, herbs or herbal derivatives, such as Erchen Dection, Danshen, resveratrol, and berberine, which have been extensively studied for their promising potential in mediating lipid metabolism, are particularly highlighted in this review. FIGURE 1 | Major processes involved in hepatic lipid metabolism. Li et al.

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“…GGEx18 was prepared from food-grade aqueous extracts of the three herbs: Laminaria japonica, Ephedra sinica, and Rheum palmatum (Hwalim, Busan, Korea). The composition of GGEx18 was described previously (Lim et al, 2018 Briefly, three dried herbs with their contents weighted were boiled together in distilled water for 22 h at 95℃. The aqueous extracts were then filtered and freeze-dried under vacuum for the production of GGEx18.…”

Section: Preparation Of Ggex18mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our previous study showed that GGEx18 was more effective than individual herbs with respect to antiobesity effects (Yoon et al, 2010). We recently reported that GGEx18 inhibited obesity, hepatic steatosis, and hepatic fibroinflammation in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed obese mice (Lim et al, 2018). Accordingly, we hypothesized that pancreatic fibroinflammation may be effectively regulated by GGEx18.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Gyeongshingangjeehwan 18 on Pancreatic Fibroinflammation in High-Fat Diet-Fed Obese C57BL/6J Mice

Jang

Park

Yoon

2018

BSL

Self Cite

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The polyherbal drug Gyeongshingangjeehwan 18 (GGEx18) from Rheum palmatum L. (Polygonaceae), Laminaria japonica Aresch (Laminariaceae), and Ephedra sinica Stapf (Ephedraceae) has traditionally been used as an antiobesity drug in Korean local clinics. This study investigates the effects of GGEx18 on pancreatic fibroinflammation in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed obese C57BL/6J mice and the molecular mechanism involved in this process. After HFD-fed obese C57BL/6J mice were treated with GGEx18 (125, 250, and 500 mg/kg) for 12 weeks, variables and determinants of obesity, pancreatic inflammation, and fibrosis were measured using histology, immunohistochemistry, and real-time polymerase chain reaction. Administration of GGEx18 at 500 mg/kg/day to obese mice decreased body weight gain, mesenteric adipose tissue mass, and adipocyte size. GGEx18 treatment not only reduced mast cells and CD68-immunoreactive cells, but also decreased collagen levels and α-smooth muscle actin-positive cells in the pancreas of HFD-fed mice. Concomitantly, GGEx18 decreased the expression of genes for inflammation (i.e., CD68 and tumor necrosis factor α) and fibrosis (i.e., collagen α1 and transforming growth factor β) in the pancreas of obese mice. These results suggest that GGEx18 may inhibit visceral obesity and related pancreatic fibroinflammation in HFD-fed obese mice.

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The polyherbal drug GGEx18 from Laminaria japonica, Rheum palmatum , and Ephedra sinica inhibits hepatic steatosis and fibroinflammtion in high-fat diet-induced obese mice

Cited by 17 publications

References 49 publications

Effect of Ephedrae Herba methanol extract on high-fat diet-induced hyperlipidaemic mice

Effect of Ephedrae Herba methanol extract on high-fat diet-induced hyperlipidaemic mice

The Impacts of Herbal Medicines and Natural Products on Regulating the Hepatic Lipid Metabolism

Effects of Gyeongshingangjeehwan 18 on Pancreatic Fibroinflammation in High-Fat Diet-Fed Obese C57BL/6J Mice

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