The Political Recrafting of Social Bases of Party Competition: Chile, 1973–95

Torcal, Mariano; Mainwaring, Scott

doi:10.1017/s0007123403000036

Cited by 157 publications

(164 citation statements)

References 6 publications

(4 reference statements)

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“…4 Lipset and Rokkan 1967;Sartori 1976. 5 E.g., Adams et al 2011;Evans and de Graaf 2013; for Latin America, see Torcal and Mainwaring 2003. differentiation also fosters another normative desirable goal: Franklin shows that individuals' propensity to vote is rooted in the degree of polarization they experienced in the first rounds of elections they participated in, and this is one of the most important factors shaping aggregate levels of turnout. 6 Evidence from outside Latin America likewise suggests that if conflict does not surpass a certain threshold, polarization has beneficial effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Historical Polarization and Representation in South American Party Systems, 1900–1990

Bornschier¹

2016

Brit. J. Polit. Sci.

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Although ideological polarization can create problems for governability and democratic stability, I argue that it also has beneficial effects in new democracies. By clarifying the political alternatives, polarization creates strong links between parties and voters, and thereby instills mechanisms of accountability. These mechanisms force parties to remain responsive to evolving voter preferences. A comparative historical analysis of six South American cases demonstrates that the vast differences in the quality of representation in the 1980s, immediately after many countries in the region returned to democracy, were rooted in an early bifurcation of party systems in the first half of the twentieth century: While prolonged periods of ideological conflict occurred in some countries in this period, polarization was aborted by various means in others. By showing that ideological moderation may help formal democracies to survive, but that aborting conflict in the long run severely hampers key aspects of the quality of democracy, this article suggests a revision of conventional views regarding ideological polarization. Although ideological polarization can create problems for governability and democratic stability, I argue that it also has beneficial effects in new democracies. By clarifying the political alternatives, polarization creates strong links between parties and voters, and thereby instills mechanisms of accountability. These mechanisms force parties to remain responsive to evolving voter preferences. A comparative historical analysis of six South American cases demonstrates that the vast differences in the quality of representation in the 1980s, immediately after many countries in the region returned to democracy, were rooted in an early bifurcation of party systems in the first half of the twentieth century: While prolonged periods of ideological conflict occurred in some countries in this period, polarization was aborted by various means in others. By showing that ideological moderation may help formal democracies to survive, but that aborting conflict in the long run severely hampers key aspects of the quality of democracy, this article suggests a revision of conventional views regarding ideological polarization.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Historical Polarization and Representation in South American Party Systems, 1900–1990

Bornschier¹

2016

Brit. J. Polit. Sci.

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“…Indeed, our religiosity index does not reach statistical significance in a regression model in which the dependent variable is voting for the Concertation or the Alliance. 16 Our interpretation of this result is different, however, from that given by Torcal and Mainwaring (2003). It is precisely because of the interweaving of religiosity, both Catholic and Protestant, with voter options for the nation's parties that this result occurs.…”

Section: Political Divisions Among Catholicsmentioning

confidence: 77%

The Enduring Presence of Religion in Chilean Ideological Positionings and Voter Options

Valenzuela¹,

Scully²,

Somma³

2007

Comp Politics

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“…Un hallazgo semejante es pre- Éstos responden a las particularidades nacionales y son representados, en el caso boliviano, por los clivajes étnicos y regionales que reflejan el ascenso de la cuestión indígena y la disputa por la autonomía regional, respectivamente, y que se han identificado también en diferentes formas en otros países como Perú (Raymond y Arce, 2013) o Chile (Torcal y Mainwaring, 2003).…”

Section: Clivajes Ideología Y Voto Retrospectivo: Claves Para Compreunclassified

¿Por qué la Gente Vota a la Izquierda? Clivajes, Ideología y Voto Retrospectivo en Bolivia y Uruguay en Perspectiva Comparada

Došek

2014

Dados

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El objetivo de este artículo es explicar las razones del voto de los ciudadanos hacia Evo Morales y José Mujica en las elecciones presidenciales de 2009 y evaluar en qué medida los determinantes del voto permiten distinguir las supuestas "dos izquierdas" en América Latina. Utilizando datos de encuestas de opinión pública para los dos casos representativos este trabajo muestra cómo las razones son diferentes, ya que en Uruguay pesa relativamente más la ideología y los elementos programáticos y en Bolivia más el voto retrospectivo, cruzado cada uno por distintos clivajes estructurales. Discutiendo los resultados con la literatura secundaria sobre los demás casos sudamericanos, se argumenta que la clásica clasificación en dos izquierdas no se sostiene a partir del análisis de los determinantes del voto. Metodológicamente, se recurre al análisis de regresión logística binomial y a la comparación de una serie de modelos estadísticos.

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The Political Recrafting of Social Bases of Party Competition: Chile, 1973–95

Cited by 157 publications

References 6 publications

Historical Polarization and Representation in South American Party Systems, 1900–1990

Historical Polarization and Representation in South American Party Systems, 1900–1990

The Enduring Presence of Religion in Chilean Ideological Positionings and Voter Options

¿Por qué la Gente Vota a la Izquierda? Clivajes, Ideología y Voto Retrospectivo en Bolivia y Uruguay en Perspectiva Comparada

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