The plausibility of sugar addiction and its role in obesity and eating disorders

Benton, David

doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2009.12.001

Cited by 119 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 143 publications

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“…Some of the critical remarks, for example, include that although similarities in brain mechanisms of food and drug reward exist, there are also substantial differences [13]. Moreover, it has been argued that human studies on brain mechanisms in obesity or binge eating disorder (BED) are inconsistent [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Five years of the Yale Food Addiction Scale: Taking stock and moving forward

2014

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Some forms of overeating show both behavioral and neurobiological similarities to substance use disorders. Accordingly, a possible addiction to food has been discussed for decades, and the debate has received increased scientific and public attention since the beginning of the twenty-first century. In 2009, the Yale Food Addiction Scale (YFAS) was developed in an attempt to provide a standardized self-report instrument for the assessment of food addiction based on the diagnostic criteria for substance dependence. Since then, the YFAS has been used in numerous studies and celebrates its fifth anniversary this year. This article presents an overview of the YFAS and its adaptations, which includes a detailed description of scoring instructions and a supplementary SPSS syntax. Furthermore, psychometric properties and correlates of the YFAS, as well as prevalence rates of food addiction diagnoses and symptoms in different populations, are reviewed. Finally, shortcomings of the scale and future directions for food addiction research and revisions of the YFAS are discussed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Five years of the Yale Food Addiction Scale: Taking stock and moving forward

2014

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“…C'est à cette définition moins stricte que nous ferons réfé-rence pour tenter d'analyser la possibilité d'une addiction au sucre [2].…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Le goût sucré, de l’enfance… à la dépendance ?

Nicklaus

Divert

2013

Cahiers de Nutrition et de Diététique

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Sucre ; Addiction ; Circuit de la récompense ; Plaisir ; Statut pondéral ; IMC Résumé Peut-on parler de dépendance au sucre ? Le sucre est un composant majeur de notre régime alimentaire et une source importante de plaisir et ce, dès le plus jeune âge. La définition de l'addiction implique que les substances addictives agissent sur le circuit de la récompense et entraînent deux symptômes, l'effet de manque et la tolérance. Est-ce le cas du sucre ? Au regard de la littérature, des activations cérébrales au niveau des régions impliquées dans le circuit de la récompense sont constatées en réponse au « sucre », qui diffèrent selon le type de sucre (glucides caloriques sucrés ou non ; édulcorants). Par ailleurs, les effets de manque et de tolérance au sucre sont mal caractérisés : si les envies compulsives alimentaires concernent fréquemment des aliments sucrés, on observe avec l'âge une diminution des préférences pour les fortes intensités sucrées. Enfin, il n'y a aucun lien clair entre statut pondéral et préférence pour le sucre. Comme tout aliment, le sucre est nécessaire à la vie, cependant, les preuves permettant d'assimiler consommation de sucre et addiction sont pour le moins faibles. © 2013 Société française de nutrition. Publié par Elsevier Masson SAS. Tous droits réservés. KEYWORDSSugar; Addiction; Reward system; Pleasure; Weight status; BMI Summary Can one talk about addiction to sugar? Sugar is an important part of our diet, and an important source of pleasure, as of a young age. The definition of addiction involves that addictive substances act on the reward circuit, and lead to two symptoms, withdrawal and tolerance. Is it the case with sugar? According to the literature, brain activations in regions involved in the reward circuit are observed in response to ''sugar'', and they differ according to the type of sugar (caloric carbohydrates, sweet or not; sweeteners). Besides, withdrawal and tolerance symptoms are not well characterized: food cravings often concern sweet foods, Le goût sucré, de l'enfance. . . à la dépendance ? 273 but there is a decrease with age of the preference/liking for intensely sweet products. There is no clear relationship between weight status and liking for sugar. As any food, sugar is necessary for life, but the evidence enabling to assimilate sugar consumption and addiction is weak.

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“…The increasing consumption of processed foods, either in developed [1] or developing countries [2], has led to concerns related to consequences on human health, especially metabolic disorders [3,4] and hypertension [5], as well as consequences for oral health that can affect dental elements, such as pain, decreased masticatory efficiency and aesthetic changes [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cariogenic and Erosive Potential of Industrialized Cashew Juice

Costa¹,

Carvalho²,

Peixoto³

et al. 2016

Pesqui. bras. odontopediatria clín. integr.

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Objective: To evaluate the cariogenic and erosive potential of industrialized cashew juice. Methods: Twenty-seven cashew juice samples of three different brands (n = 9) were analyzed for the following physicochemical parameters: pH, titratable acidity (TA), ascorbic acid, total soluble solids (TSS), TSS/TA ratio and reducing, non-reducing and total sugars. Assays were performed in triplicate and data were processed using ANOVA and Tukey test, considering α = 5%.

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The plausibility of sugar addiction and its role in obesity and eating disorders

Cited by 119 publications

References 143 publications

Five years of the Yale Food Addiction Scale: Taking stock and moving forward

Five years of the Yale Food Addiction Scale: Taking stock and moving forward

Le goût sucré, de l’enfance… à la dépendance ?

Cariogenic and Erosive Potential of Industrialized Cashew Juice

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