The phytotoxicity and degradation of diesel hydrocarbons in soil

Siddiqui, Samina; Adams, William A.; Schollion, John

doi:10.1002/1522-2624(200112)164:6<631::aid-jpln631>3.0.co;2-e

Cited by 19 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…1) because of phytotoxic effects of pollutants (e.g. Chaineau et al 1997;Siddiqui et al 2001) or disrupted biological cycling of nutrients (e.g. Belyaeva et al 2005;Khan and Scullion 1999).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Remediating polluted soils

Scullion

2006

Naturwissenschaften

104

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Scullion, J. (2006). Remediating polluted soils. ?Naturwissenschaften, 93, (2), 51-65.This review focuses on treatment-based remediation of soils and the acquisition of data to support and monitor this remediation. Only in the last two decades has significant progress been made in regulating for soil pollution, with a parallel development of methodologies for soil assessment and remediation. However, soil complexity remains a problem for pollutant measurements relevant to environmental risk and informative to the design or evaluation of remediation technologies. Understanding the distribution of pollutants between different soil phases and the kinetics of transfer between these pools is fundamental to prediction for these processes; further progress is needed to characterise less accessible pollutant pools and to develop guidelines for their analysis. Available remediation options include physical, chemical and biological treatments, and these options offer potential technical solutions to most soil pollution. However, selecting the most appropriate approach requires detailed information on how pollutants interact with soil physio-chemical properties. Only general information is available as to the effectiveness of specific treatment systems for particular soil type?pollutant combinations. Given the high degree of heterogeneity in physio-chemical characteristics and pollutant distribution of affected soils, prediction of treatment timescales and levels of residual contamination remains a problem. On sites with a range of organic and inorganic pollutants present, combinations of different treatment approaches may offer the best prospect for effective remediation. Further work is needed to provide evidence that residual contamination does not pose significant risk and to evaluate effects of treatments on general soil function in relation to this contamination.Peer reviewe

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Remediating polluted soils

Scullion

2006

Naturwissenschaften

104

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“…Spills of hydrocarbon fuels may be acutely toxic or subtoxic to plants, microorganisms, and animals, and they may contaminate groundwater (Siddiqui et al 2001). The primary groundwater contaminants associated with gasoline ( benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and the xylenes) are relatively readily biodegraded; however, oxygenate additives such as methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) are more hazardous.…”

Section: Firementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Benzene itself is a known carcinogen (Hartley & Englande 1992). In addition, there are strong associations between gasoline or diesel contamination and plant response, including acute toxicity (Green et al 1996), inhibited germination (Siddiqui et al 2001), and stunted or retarded growth (Adam & Duncan 1999). The MIST guidelines (U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service 2001a) recommend that fuels be stored and dispensed in accordance with the recommendations of the National Fire Protection Association and the Health and Safety Code Handbook.…”

Section: Firementioning

confidence: 99%

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Impacts of Fire‐Suppression Activities on Natural Communities

Backer

Jensen

Mcpherson³

2004

Conservation Biology

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The ecological impacts of wildland fire-suppression activities can be significant and may surpass the impacts of the fire itself. A recent paradigm shift from fire control to fire management has resulted in increased attention to minimizing the negative effects of suppression. While the philosophy behind minimumimpact suppression tactics has provided a good first step in this direction, increased attention to the ecological effects of suppression is needed, especially in the management of public lands. We reviewed the potential impacts of suppression on land, air, and water resources and the impacts of using fire to help control fire. Effects on land resources include erosion, which is exacerbated by the construction of fire lines, temporary roads, and helicopter pads, and some postfire rehabilitation activities. Although the fire itself is the most obvious source of air pollution, the vehicles used in suppression activities contribute to this problem and to noise pollution. Water resources, including aquatic flora and fauna, may be seriously affected by suppression activities that can increase erosion, sedimentation, turbidity, and chemical contamination. Finally, the use of backburns and burnout operations contributes to the risk of soil and water contamination, increases the total area burned, and promotes more intense fires or more homogeneous burned areas. Although no fire-management strategy should be applied uniformly, some general techniques such as use of natural clearings, natural barriers, and appropriately sized fire lines, "leave no-trace" camping, and careful application of fuels and retardants can be employed to minimize the impacts of suppression.Resumen: Los impactos ecológicos de actividades de supresión de incendios pueden ser significativos y pueden rebasar los impactos del fuego mismo. Un reciente cambio de paradigma de control de fuego a manejo de fuego ha resultado en mayor interés para minimizar los efectos negativos de la supresión. Mientras que la filosofía subyacente en las tácticas de supresión con mínimo impacto ha proporcionado un buen primer paso en esa dirección, se requiere mayor atención a los efectos negativos de la supresión, especialmente en la gestión de tierras públicas. Revisamos los impactos potenciales de la supresión sobre recursos terrestres, aéreos y acuáticos y los impactos de la utilización de fuego para ayudar a controlar fuego. Los impactos sobre recursos terrestres incluyen erosión, que se agrava por la construcción de guardarrayas, caminos temporales y plataformas para helicópteros, y algunas actividades de rehabilitación post-incendio. Aunque el fuego mismo es la fuente más obvia de contaminación del aire, los vehículos utilizados en actividades de supresión contribuyen a este problema y a la contaminación acústica. Los recursos acuáticos, incluyendo la flora y fauna, pueden ser afectados seriamente por actividades de supresión que pueden incrementar la erosión, sedimentación, turbidez y contaminación química. Finalmente, la utilización de retroquemas y operacio...

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“…Constituents in Diesel have been showed to affect germination and growth of plants in soils (Ogbo, 2009;Siddiqui et al, 2001;Siddiqui and Adams, 2002). Thus, it is imperative to investigate the potential toxic effects of biodiesel on the environment since there is a wide variety of vegetable oils and methods (Demirbas, 2009;Canakci and Sanli, 2008;Fukuda et al, 2001;Ma and Hanna, 1999;Ali and Hanna, 1994) by which biodiesel is generated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%