The physiological role of the unfolded protein response in plants

Moreno, Adrián A.; Orellana, Ariel

doi:10.4067/s0716-97602011000100010

Cited by 88 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…This is in agreement with an increasing amount of evidence that supports the role of ER-QC and UPR in the plant response to different types of stresses [31, 32]. Because UGGT is a key component in the CNX/CRT cycle and ER-QC, our results provide additional support for the role of ER-QC in the plant response to environmental cues.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

The UDP-glucose: glycoprotein glucosyltransferase (UGGT), a key enzyme in ER quality control, plays a significant role in plant growth as well as biotic and abiotic stress in Arabidopsis thaliana

et al. 2015

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BackgroundUDP-glucose: glycoprotein glucosyltransferase (UGGT) is a key player in the quality control mechanism (ER-QC) that newly synthesized glycoproteins undergo in the ER. It has been shown that the UGGT Arabidopsis orthologue is involved in ER-QC; however, its role in plant physiology remains unclear.ResultsHere, we show that two mutant alleles in the At1g71220 locus have none or reduced UGGT activity. In wild type plants, the AtUGGT transcript levels increased upon activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR). Interestingly, mutants in AtUGGT exhibited an endogenous up–regulation of genes that are UPR targets. In addition, mutants in AtUGGT showed a 30 % reduction in the incorporation of UDP-Glucose into the ER suggesting that this enzyme drives the uptake of this substrate for the CNX/CRT cycle. Plants deficient in UGGT exhibited a delayed growth rate of the primary root and rosette as well as an alteration in the number of leaves. These mutants are more sensitive to pathogen attack as well as heat, salt, and UPR-inducing stressors. Additionally, the plants showed impairment in the establishment of systemic acquired resistance (SAR).ConclusionsThese results show that a lack of UGGT activity alters plant vegetative development and impairs the response to several abiotic and biotic stresses. Moreover, our results uncover an unexpected role of UGGT in the incorporation of UDP-Glucose into the ER lumen in Arabidopsis thaliana.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12870-015-0525-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

The UDP-glucose: glycoprotein glucosyltransferase (UGGT), a key enzyme in ER quality control, plays a significant role in plant growth as well as biotic and abiotic stress in Arabidopsis thaliana

et al. 2015

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“…Although a number of studies have focused on UPR signaling pathways in plants, little is understood about ER morphology changes in response to ER stress or as mediated by the UPSindependent ERAD pathway (Urade, 2007(Urade, , 2009Moreno and Orellana, 2011). Previously, plant autophagy had been shown to be involved in senescence, nutrient deprivation, oxidative stress, salt and drought stresses, and pathogen infection (Doelling et al, 2002;Hanaoka et al, 2002;Liu et al, 2005Liu et al, , 2009Xiong et al, 2005Xiong et al, , 2007b.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While some aspects of the UPR signaling pathways have been elucidated in plants, morphological changes to the ER resulting from the UPR remain unclear (Urade, 2007(Urade, , 2009; Moreno and Orellana, 2011). Previous research suggests that unfolded proteins can be degraded by both cytoplasmic ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS)-dependent pathways and UPS-independent pathways (Urade, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Degradation of the Endoplasmic Reticulum by Autophagy during Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Arabidopsis

et al. 2012

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In this article, we show that the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in Arabidopsis thaliana undergoes morphological changes in structure during ER stress that can be attributed to autophagy. ER stress agents trigger autophagy as demonstrated by increased production of autophagosomes. In response to ER stress, a soluble ER marker localizes to autophagosomes and accumulates in the vacuole upon inhibition of vacuolar proteases. Membrane lamellae decorated with ribosomes were observed inside autophagic bodies, demonstrating that portions of the ER are delivered to the vacuole by autophagy during ER stress. In addition, an ER stress sensor, INOSITOL-REQUIRING ENZYME-1b (IRE1b), was found to be required for ER stress-induced autophagy. However, the IRE1b splicing target, bZIP60, did not seem to be involved, suggesting the existence of an undiscovered signaling pathway to regulate ER stress-induced autophagy in plants. Together, these results suggest that autophagy serves as a pathway for the turnover of ER membrane and its contents in response to ER stress in plants.

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“…One is also tempted to speculate that methylerythritol cyclodiphosphate, a product of the MEP pathway so far recognized as a retrograde signaling metabolite inducing the expression of selected abiotic stressresponsive genes (Xiao et al, 2012), could be involved. Notably, methylerythritol cyclodiphosphate potentiates the unfolded protein response (Walley et al, 2015) induced upon osmotic stress in plants (Moreno and Orellana, 2011), and interestingly, Dol attenuates this stress reaction (Jozwiak et al, 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling of Dolichol Mass Spectra Isotopic Envelopes as a Tool to Monitor Isoprenoid Biosynthesis

et al. 2017

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The cooperation of the mevalonate (MVA) and methylerythritol phosphate (MEP) pathways, operating in parallel in plants to generate isoprenoid precursors, has been studied extensively. Elucidation of the isoprenoid metabolic pathways is indispensable for the rational design of plant and microbial systems for the production of industrially valuable terpenoids. Here, we describe a new method, based on numerical modeling of mass spectra of metabolically labeled dolichols (Dols), designed to quantitatively follow the cooperation of MVA and MEP reprogrammed upon osmotic stress (sorbitol treatment) in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). The contribution of the MEP pathway increased significantly (reaching 100%) exclusively for the dominating Dols, while for long-chain Dols, the relative input of the MEP and MVA pathways remained unchanged, suggesting divergent sites of synthesis for dominating and long-chain Dols. The analysis of numerically modeled Dol mass spectra is a novel method to follow modulation of the concomitant activity of isoprenoid-generating pathways in plant cells; additionally, it suggests an exchange of isoprenoid intermediates between plastids and peroxisomes.Isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP), the building block of isoprenoids, the most numerous class of secondary metabolites, is derived in plants from two pathways operating in parallel: the cytoplasmic mevalonate (MVA) and the plastidic methylerythritol phosphate (MEP) pathways (Rohmer, 1999;Pulido et al., 2012).Analysis of over 130 isoprenoids has shown that, in angiosperms under standard growth conditions, carotenoids and chlorophyll phytyl chains on the one hand and phytosterols on the other are made nearly exclusively via a single pathway (MEP and MVA, respectively), while numerous other isoprenoids, including dolichols (Dols; Skorupinska-Tudek et al., 2008), are of mixed origin (Hemmerlin et al., 2012).The cooperation of the two pathways (often called cross talk) is considered essential for plant adaptive responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. Consequently, their relative contributions to the formation of IPP are modulated, and the expression of particular genes of the MVA and MEP pathways is frequently correlated with stress (pathogen attack, elicitation, wounding, etc.;Hemmerlin et al., 2012) or plant development (Opitz et al., 2014). Interestingly, the effect of stress on the regulation of the MEP-MVA balance has so far been analyzed only qualitatively.Several methodologies have been employed to unravel the relative contributions of the MVA and MEP pathways to isoprenoids, such as metabolic labeling with isotopically labeled precursors (stable isotopes or radioisotopes were used), followed by structural analysis of the product of interest or blockage of the pathway (chemical, with pathway-specific inhibitors, or genetic), followed by quantification of the isoprenoid intermediates and/or end products. The advantages

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The physiological role of the unfolded protein response in plants

Cited by 88 publications

References 63 publications

The UDP-glucose: glycoprotein glucosyltransferase (UGGT), a key enzyme in ER quality control, plays a significant role in plant growth as well as biotic and abiotic stress in Arabidopsis thaliana

The UDP-glucose: glycoprotein glucosyltransferase (UGGT), a key enzyme in ER quality control, plays a significant role in plant growth as well as biotic and abiotic stress in Arabidopsis thaliana

Degradation of the Endoplasmic Reticulum by Autophagy during Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Arabidopsis

Modeling of Dolichol Mass Spectra Isotopic Envelopes as a Tool to Monitor Isoprenoid Biosynthesis

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