The Physical Properties of Protoplasm

Seifriz, William

doi:10.1146/annurev.ph.07.030145.000343

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…He wrote that, "It is my belief that many of the reactions characteristic of living processes have to do more with the water relationships of the organism than any other single factor" (33). For example, William Seifriz, a prominent student of protoplasm at the time, wrote a review with the title The Properties of Protoplasm (77), in which Gortner's papers were not mentioned, and the concept of bound water not considered at all. But his words apparently had little impact.…”

Section: Water: the Overlooked Component Of Protoplasmmentioning

confidence: 99%

From protoplasmic theory to cellular systems biology: a 150-year reflection

Welch

Clegg²

2010

American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology

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Present-day cellular systems biology is producing data on an unprecedented scale. This field has generated a renewed interest in the holistic, "system" character of cell structure-and-function. Underlying the data deluge, however, there is a clear and present need for a historical foundation. The origin of the "system" view of the cell dates to the birth of the protoplasm concept. The 150-year history of the role of "protoplasm" in cell biology is traced. It is found that the "protoplasmic theory," not the "cell theory," was the key 19th-century construct that drove the study of the structure-and-function of living cells and set the course for the development of modern cell biology. The evolution of the "protoplasm" picture into the 20th century is examined by looking at controversial issues along the way and culminating in the current views on the role of cytological organization in cellular activities. The relevance of the "protoplasmic theory" to 21st-century cellular systems biology is considered.

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Section: Water: the Overlooked Component Of Protoplasmmentioning

confidence: 99%

From protoplasmic theory to cellular systems biology: a 150-year reflection

Welch

Clegg²

2010

American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology

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“…It has been recognized that the theory of flow caused by differential pressure in the plasmasol, which is so well accepted for Amoeba proteus and related genera and for Mycetozoa (reviews, Seifriz, 1942;De Bruyn, 1947;Bovee, 1952;Noland, 1957; also Kamaiya and Kurodo, 1958), would not explain the streaming of Foraminifera. This was pointed out clearly by Sandon (1934) who recognized the significance of the fact that there is no tube of plasmagel and no evidence of solgel reversibility in the active pseudopodia, and stated that it was time for another explanation to be developed.…”

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confidence: 99%

Protoplasmic Movement in the Foraminiferan, Allogromia Laticollaris; And a Theory of Its Mechanism

Jahn

Rinaldi

1959

The Biological Bulletin

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Observations on the migration, aggregation and phagocytosis of embryonic cells

Holtfreter

1947

Journal of Morphology

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D n i~e r s i t y , J f o t i i r t t r l , C'cciracltr SEVEWTEEN FIGURESIt has been shown previously (Holtfreter, '46c) that tlie cells from the various germ layers of an earl)* amphibian embryo resemble each other in their structural aiicl kinetic properties, each cell being composed of 4 coiicentric layers: cell niemln-ane (plasmalemma) , ectoplasmic fluid, plasmagel, and plasmasol, the latter two comprising the encloplasni. When cultured singly in physiological salt solution, the cells exhibit amoeboid movements which consist esseiitiallj-of rh~-thniical expansions and contractions of the external membrane. Tlic surface movenients may be associated with a local solation and re-gelation of that portion of tlie encloplami which underlies a fully developed ectoplasmic bulge. Since most enilirJ-onic cells are endowed with a nionaxial polarit!-where the proxima1 or anterior pole displays a comparatively greater ainocboid activity than the posterior pole, the coorclinated iiiterplav of surface movements can lead to cellular locoiiiotion. As a continuation of the preceding analysis o f the intrinsic kinetic properties of the individual cell, the present paper will deal with the effect of some environmental factors on celliilar shape and movement.

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The Physical Properties of Protoplasm

Cited by 6 publications

References 36 publications

From protoplasmic theory to cellular systems biology: a 150-year reflection

From protoplasmic theory to cellular systems biology: a 150-year reflection

Protoplasmic Movement in the Foraminiferan, Allogromia Laticollaris; And a Theory of Its Mechanism

Observations on the migration, aggregation and phagocytosis of embryonic cells

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