The Physical Chemistry of Membranes with Particular Reference to the Electrical Behavior of Membranes of Porous Character. I. The Nature of Physicochemical Membranes—Membranes as Physicochemical Machines; Preparation and Properties of Membranes of Highly Pronouned Electrical Properties

Söllner, K.

doi:10.1021/j150440a001

Cited by 58 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…This anomalous phenomenon cannot be predicted by the van’t Hoff osmotic theory and has been reported in the literature − and denoted as negative osmosis. The existence of an electrostatic effect in charged membranes is one primary element of producing negative osmosis. , It is demonstrated that negative osmosis can be found if an electrolyte diffuses through a leaky membrane, and thus pore sizes must not be in the semipermeabe limit (ideal membrane). , This is consistent with our model prediction because negative osmosis occurs for some intermediate values of λ* < 1.…”

Section: Numerical Resultsmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…The existence of an electrostatic effect in charged membranes is one primary element of producing negative osmosis. 42,45 It is demonstrated that negative osmosis can be found if an electrolyte diffuses through a leaky membrane, and thus pore sizes must not be in the semipermeabe limit (ideal membrane). 44,45 This is consistent with our model prediction because negative osmosis occurs for some intermediate values of λ* < 1.…”

Section: Numerical Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multiscale Model for Electrokinetic Transport in Networks of Pores, Part II: Computational Algorithms and Applications

Alizadeh

Mani

2017

Langmuir

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The first part of this two-article series presented a robust mathematical model for the fast and accurate prediction of electrokinetic phenomena in porous networks with complex topologies. In the second part of this series, we first present a numerical algorithm that can efficiently solve the model equations. We then demonstrate that the resulting framework is capable of capturing a wide range of transport phenomena in microstructures by considering a hierarchy of canonical problems with increasing complexity. The developed framework is validated against direct numerical simulations of deionization shocks in micropore-membrane junctions and concentration polarization in micro- and nanochannel systems. We demonstrate that for thin pores subject to concentration gradients our model consistently captures correct induced osmotic pressure, which is a macroscopic phenomena originally derived from thermodynamic principles but here is naturally predicted through microscopic electrostatic interactions. Moreover, we show that the developed model captures current rectification phenomena in a conical nanopore subject to an axial external electric field. Finally, we provide discussions on examples involving stationary and moving deionization shocks in micropore nanopore T-junctions as well as induced-flow loops when pores of varying sizes are connected in parallel.

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Section: Numerical Resultsmentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Numerical Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiscale Model for Electrokinetic Transport in Networks of Pores, Part II: Computational Algorithms and Applications

Alizadeh

Mani

2017

Langmuir

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Electrochemical properties of thin parlodion membranes

Lakshminarayanaiah¹,

Shanes²

1965

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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synopsisThin membranes (50-800 A. thick) formed by spreading a solution of Parlodion in isoamyl acetate on the &-water interface have been characterized. The electrical reaistance and capacitance of these membranes prepared from each of the three Parlodion concentrations viz., 5, 10, and 20 mg./ml. solution, have been measured as functions of both membrane thickness and external electrolyte (KC1) concentration. Capacitance values corfoborate the thickness inferred from the weight of material transferred to cover a fixed area. Membrane resistance drops with increase in thickness. Resistivity of a membrane 100 A. thick rises with decrease in external electrolyte concentration.Acid and alkaline solutions of KC1 lower membrane resistance due to increased porosity of the membrane brought about possibly by the hydrolysis of the membrane material. Membrane potentiah arising acrom these membranes also have been measured as functions of both membrane thickness and external electrolyte concentration. The bi-ionic potentials confirmed the usual order of penetrability of alkali metal ions observed in artificial membranes. A study of the effect of pH on membrane potentials indicates that the electrochemical activity of the membrane may be attributed to the presence of odd and terminal carboxyl groups in the nitrocellulose matrix of the membrane.

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Membrane potentials of thin nitrocellulose membranes

Carnell

McGunegle

1967

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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SynopsisThe membrane potentials of thin (300-1300 A.) nitrocellulose (Parlodion) membranes have been investigated. Measurements were made in a Lucite cell by use of calomel electrodes with 0.05N KC1 and 0.1N KC1. Variables having an influence on membrane structure, such as solvent polarity, temperature, and thickness, have been studied in relation to membrane potential. The range of potentials observed for Parlodion (2.1-9.2 mv.) is believed to be the result of differences in the orientation of the nitrocellulose molecules (and their accompanying electrochemically active carboxyl groups) in the membrane structure.

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The Physical Chemistry of Membranes with Particular Reference to the Electrical Behavior of Membranes of Porous Character. I. The Nature of Physicochemical Membranes—Membranes as Physicochemical Machines; Preparation and Properties of Membranes of Highly Pronouned Electrical Properties

Cited by 58 publications

References 13 publications

Multiscale Model for Electrokinetic Transport in Networks of Pores, Part II: Computational Algorithms and Applications

Multiscale Model for Electrokinetic Transport in Networks of Pores, Part II: Computational Algorithms and Applications

Electrochemical properties of thin parlodion membranes

Membrane potentials of thin nitrocellulose membranes

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