The Photoelectric Properties of Polymer Acceptors Containing Oxadiazole and Thiadiazole

Abstract

By the introduction of electron‐deficient five‐membered heterocycles 1,3,4‐oxadiazole (OZ) or 1,3,4‐thiadiazole (TZ) moieties, two new A1–D–A2–D‐type polymer acceptors containing naphthalene diimide, named PNOZ and PNTZ, are prepared and applied for all‐polymer solar cells. Both polymer acceptors possess deeply lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy levels below −4.0 eV and show broad absorption spectra in the range of 300–800 nm. Compared with PNOZ, PNTZ shows broader and stronger absorption, slightly higher lying LUMO level and better microphase separation size. Employing PNTZ as the acceptor material and PTB7 as the donor material, the all‐polymer solar cells based on PTB7/PTNZ (1:1, by weight) give the best power conversion efficiency of 2.58% with a short‐circuit current density (Jsc) of 10.05 mA cm−2, an open‐circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.70 V, and a fill factor (FF) of 0.37 due to the formation of a well‐optimized, bicontinuous network of the donor and acceptor polymer domains.

Modulating the Symmetry of Benzodithiophene by Molecular Tailoring for the Application in Naphthalene Diimide‐Based N‐Type Photovoltaic Polymers

“…Aiming at the improvement in the photovoltaic properties from N2200, a large number of novel NDI‐based polymers are designed and synthesized by changing the copolymerized units as summarized in Figure . A great deal of electron‐donating units such as thiophenes (T), selenophene (Se), tellurophene (Te), difluorobithiophene (2fT), thienylene−vinylene−thienylene (TVT), furanylene‐vinylenefuranylene (FVF),selenoloselenophene (SS), diselenophene (Se2), thienothiophene (TT),thienodithiophene (DTT), trithiophene (3T), dithienylene‐thienothiophene (DT‐TT), dithienylene‐thienodithiophene (DT‐DTT), dithienylene‐diketopyrrolopyrrole (DT‐DPP), dithienylene‐thiadiazole (DT‐TZ), dithienylene‐oxadiazole (DT‐OZ), thienylene‐difluorophenylene‐thienylene (TffPT), fluorene (F), carbozole (C), cyclopentadithiophene (CPDT), dithienosilole (DTS), benzodithiophene (BDT), indacenodithiophene (IDT), triphenylamine (TPA), etc. have been utilized to modulate the properties of final NDI‐based polymers.…”

Nonvolatile Ternary Memory Devices Based on MoO3 Nanoparticles Embedded in Conjugated Copolymer with Hierarchy Charge Traps

“…Therefore, a reasonable electron donor/acceptor unit selection is crucial for the performance of polymers. The common electron donors are derivatives of fluorene, carbazole, thiophene, triphenylamine, phenothiazine, phenoxazine, and other substances. − The electron acceptors are more widely selectable, such as derivatives of cyanogroup, oxazole, imidazole, quinoxaline, and azacyclic. − Phthalimide derivatives are typical electron acceptors with excellent carrier mobility property . It is widely studied in medicine, dyes, organic synthesis, and other fields.…”

Triggering WORM/SRAM Memory Conversion by Composite Oxadiazole in Polymer Resistive Switching Device

“…Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) has been verified a polymeric matrix in resistive switching application [30,31], which being a low cost and easily processed organic material, has more and more interest in flexible resistive switching devices owing to its favourable switching and for its function as a normative resistance material in submicron RRAM lithography [32]. Simultaneously, oxadiazole derivatives were intensively reported as ideal electron acceptor materials in electronic devices [33][34][35][36][37][38][39]; 2-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-5-(4biphenylyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole was one of the most efficient electron-transporting materials on account of its high electron affinity. In the present work, PMMA is used as the host body for forming a thin film.…”