The phospholipids of various sheep organs, rat liver and of their subcellular fractions

Getz, Godfrey S.; Bartley, W.; Lurie, Doris; Notton, Brenda M.

doi:10.1016/0005-2760(68)90040-4

Cited by 114 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The phospholipid composition of the mitochondrial fraction from control animals is similar to that reported for other tissues [ 14,151; the cardiolipin content is comparable to the values reported in the literature for the brown adipose tissue of the bat [ 161 and in the mitochondria of several other tissues [ 14,15,17] . The fatty acid composition of phospholipids we observed agrees well with those which had been published for other tissues [ 14,151.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…Cardiolipin is considered as a good indicator of the mitochondrial mass [ 17,201 and particularly of the amount of inner mitochcndrial membranes [ 19,2 1,221. Accordingly the increase of the absolute amount of mitochondrial cardiolipin observed in cold exposed rats, should indicate that the mitochondrial mass in brown adipose tissue is approximately doubled, while thyroxine treatment does not change it.…”

Section: Cardiolipinmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Alterations of mitochondrial phospholipids in the rat brown adipose tissue after chronic treatment with cold or thyroxine

1975

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Cardiolipinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alterations of mitochondrial phospholipids in the rat brown adipose tissue after chronic treatment with cold or thyroxine

1975

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“…The signature mitochondrial lipid is CL, a lipid dimer consisting of two phosphatidyl groups connected by a glycerol backbone. CL was first isolated in 1945 (Pangborn 1945) and shown to reside nearly exclusively in mitochondria in 1968 (Getz et al 1968), where it constitutes ;20% of the total lipid mass of the inner membrane (IM). CL is important for a range of mitochondrial processes, including fission/fusion, OxPhos complex and supercomplex assembly, and cristae structure.…”

Section: Cardiolipin (Cl) Biosynthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Hallmarks of a new era in mitochondrial biochemistry

2013

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Stemming from the pioneering studies of bioenergetics in the 1950s, 1960s, and 1970s, mitochondria have become ingrained in the collective psyche of scientists as the “powerhouses” of the cell. While this remains a worthy moniker, more recent efforts have revealed that these organelles are home to a vast array of metabolic and signaling processes and possess a proteomic landscape that is both highly varied and largely uncharted. As mitochondrial dysfunction is increasingly being implicated in a spectrum of human diseases, it is imperative that we construct a more complete framework of these organelles by systematically defining the functions of their component parts. Powerful new approaches in biochemistry and systems biology are helping to fill in the gaps.

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“…In this respect our findings are comparable to data available on microsomes prepared from liver (20, 21, 29, 41), adrenal cortex (41) and medulla (26), cardiac and skeletal muscle (42,43), and several lines of cultured cells (44) . Rough microsomal membranes are also characterized by low sphingomyelin content, a feature shared with microsomes isolated from a variety of sources (20,21,26,29,(41)(42)(43)(44) except kidney (41), the microsomal fraction of which is expected to be heavily contaminated by plasmalemmal fragments . The cholesterol content of rough microsomal membranes is low, but appears to represent a genuine feature of this type of membrane rather than contamination by other cellular membranes .…”

Section: Washing Of Pancreatic Membranes With Albuminmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composition of Cellular Membranes in the Pancreas of the Guinea Pig

Meldolesi

Jamieson

Palade

1971

The Journal of Cell Biology

141

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1 3 0The lipid composition of rough and smooth microsomal membranes, zymogen granule membranes, and a plasmalemmal fraction from the guinea pig pancreatic exocrine cell has been determined . As a group, membranes of the smooth variety (i .e ., smooth microsomes, zymogen granule membranes, and the plasmalemma) were similar in their content of phospholipids, cholesterol and neutral lipids, and in the ratio of total lipids to membrane proteins . In contrast, rough microsomal membranes contained much less sphingomyelin and cholesterol and possessed a smaller lipid/protein ratio . All membrane fractions were unusually high in their content of lysolecithin (up to _~20% of the total phospholipids) and of neutral lipids, especially fatty acids . The lysolecithin content was shown to be due to the hydrolysis of membrane lecithin by pancreatic lipase ; the fatty acids, liberated by the action of lipase on endogenous triglyceride stores, are apparently scavenged by the membranes from the suspending media . Similar artifactually high levels of lysolecithin and fatty acids were noted in hepatic microsomes incubated with pancreatic postmicrosomal supernatant . E 600, an inhibitor of lipase, largely prevented the appearance of lysolecithin and fatty acids in pancreatic microsomes and in liver microsomes treated with pancreatic supernatant .In the first article of this series, we have described the separation of membrane subfractions from rough microsome-, smooth microsome-, and zymogen granule fractions isolated from homogenates of guinea pig pancreas . We have also shown that a cell membrane fraction can be obtained from the same source (1) .These fractions represent membrane-bounded compartments which are involved in the synthesis, segregation, intracellular transport, and discharge of secretory proteins . In an attempt to understand how the membranes of these compartments interact with one another during the secretory process, we have investigated their chemical composition and enzyme activities . In this paper the lipid composition of the membranes is described .At the onset of this study, we anticipated that a small fraction of the digestive enzymes stored in the gland, particularly in zymogen granules and in the duct system, could be released during tissue homogenization and fractionation and thereupon cause artifactual degradation and alteration of membrane components . In this respect, it has been reported that pancreatic lipase is active in the cold (2) and that at least some proteases may become activated during cell fractionation (3) . Indeed, our studies showed that released lipolytic enzymes extensively affect the lipid composition of the isolated membranes . These alterations have been evaluated and the data on membrane lipids have been corrected accordingly .

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The phospholipids of various sheep organs, rat liver and of their subcellular fractions

Cited by 114 publications

References 36 publications

Alterations of mitochondrial phospholipids in the rat brown adipose tissue after chronic treatment with cold or thyroxine

Alterations of mitochondrial phospholipids in the rat brown adipose tissue after chronic treatment with cold or thyroxine

Hallmarks of a new era in mitochondrial biochemistry

Composition of Cellular Membranes in the Pancreas of the Guinea Pig

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