The phenotypic and genotypic relation between working memory speed and capacity

Polderman, Tinca J. C.; Stins, John F.; Posthuma, Daniëlle; Gosso, M.F.; Verhulst, Frank C.; Boomsma, Dorret I.

doi:10.1016/j.intell.2006.03.010

Cited by 46 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 43 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The twins were 12 years old (mean age ϭ 12.42, SD ϭ 0.16) and their siblings were between 8 and 14 years of age (mean age ϭ 12.09, SD ϭ 2.55). There were 41 MZM, 28 DZM, 56 MZF, 25 DZF, and 27 DOS twin pairs (Polderman, Stins, et al, 2006).…”

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Male and female data were combined in the MZ twin, DZ twin, and twin-sibling groups in the genetic analyses because there is no evidence for sex differences in heritability for ADHD (Derks et al, 2004;Derks et al, 2007;Hudziak et al, 2005;Rietveld et al, 2003) and IQ (Bartels, Rietveld, van Baal & Boomsma, 2002), and the power to detect sex differences in genetic influences in the independent samples was limited (Polderman, Stins, et al, 2006). MZ twins share all their genes whereas DZ twins and siblings share on average half of their segregating genes.…”

Section: Genetic Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Attention problems, inhibitory control, and intelligence index overlapping genetic factors: A study in 9-, 12-, and 18-year-old twins.

Polderman¹,

Geus²,

Hoekstra³

et al. 2009

Neuropsychology

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

It is assumed that attention problems (AP) are related to impaired executive functioning. We investigated the association between AP and inhibitory control and tested to what extent the association was due to genetic factors shared with IQ. Data were available from 3 independent samples of 9-, 12-, and 18-year-old twins and their siblings (1,209 participants). AP were assessed with checklists completed by multiple informants. Inhibitory control was measured with the Stroop Color Word Task (Stroop, 1935), and IQ with the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (Wechsler et al., 2002) or Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (Wechsler, 1997). AP and inhibitory control were only correlated in the 12-year-old cohort (r ϭ .18), but appeared non-significant after controlling for IQ. Significant correlations existed between AP and IQ in 9-and 12-year olds (r ϭ Ϫ.26/-.34). Inhibitory control and IQ were correlated in all cohorts (r ϭ Ϫ.16, Ϫ.24 and Ϫ.35, respectively). Genetic factors that influenced IQ also influenced inhibitory control. We conclude that the association between AP and inhibitory control as reported in the literature may largely derive from genetic factors that are shared with IQ.

show abstract

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Genetic Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attention problems, inhibitory control, and intelligence index overlapping genetic factors: A study in 9-, 12-, and 18-year-old twins.

Polderman¹,

Geus²,

Hoekstra³

et al. 2009

Neuropsychology

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The young cohort consisted of 177 twin pairs born between 1990 and 1992, and 55 siblings, 30,31 of which 371 were available for genotyping . The genotyped twins were 12.4 (SD ¼ 0.9) years of age and the siblings were between 8 and 15 years of age at the time of testing.…”

Section: Young Cohortmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catechol O-methyl transferase and dopamine D2 receptor gene polymorphisms: evidence of positive heterosis and gene–gene interaction on working memory functioning

et al. 2008

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The COMT Val 108/158 Met polymorphism has been extensively studied in relation to individual differences in working memory (WM) performance. The present study tested the association of the COMT Val 108/158 Met polymorphism with WM performance in two independent family-based Dutch samples: 371 children (mean age 12.4 years) and 391 adults (mean age 36.2 years). A significant association was found between the COMT polymorphism and WM scores in the combined adult and young cohorts. The association reflected positive heterosis such that the Met/Met and Val/Val homozygotes did not perform as well as the Met/Val heterozygotes on the WM tasks. A secondary analysis was conducted in which a DRD2-tagging SNP (rs2075654) was tested for an interactive effect with the COMT polymorphism on WM performance. A significant interactive effect of the DRD2 and COMT genes was found such that heterosis was present only in the DRD2 genotype that has been linked to lower receptor density. Our results support previous findings that WM performance needs an optimal level of dopamine signaling within the PFC. This optimum level depends on enzymatic activity controlling dopamine level as well as dopamine receptor sensitivity, both of which may differ as a function of age and genotype. We conclude that the effects of a single polymorphism in a dopaminergic gene on a well-defined cognitive trait may easily remain hidden if the interaction with age and other genes in the pathway are not taken into account.

show abstract

“…The Dutch adaptations of the child and adult versions of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale were used. A detailed description of the cohorts and the measurement instruments used are given elsewhere Polderman et al 2006), barring the inclusion of 133 additional adult samples ascertained under the same method. The LBC1936 population-based cohort of 1,063 subjects (mean age 69.53 years, minimum 67.17, maximum 71.3, SD 0.94 years) was phenotyped for a variety of cognitive tests described elsewhere .…”

Section: Cohorts and Cognitive Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Functional Polymorphism under Positive Evolutionary Selection in ADRB2 is Associated with Human Intelligence with Opposite Effects in the Young and the Elderly

et al. 2008

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Comparative genomics offers a novel approach to unravel the genetic basis of complex traits. We performed a two stage analysis where genes ascertained for enhanced protein evolution in primates are subsequently searched for the presence of non-synonymous coding SNPs in the current human population at amino acid sites that differ between humans and chimpanzee. Positively selected genes among primates are generally presumed to determine phenotypic differences between humans and chimpanzee, such as the enhanced cognitive ability of our species. Amino acid substitutions segregating in humans at positively selected amino acid sites are expected to affect phenotypic differences among humans. Therefore we conducted an association study in two family based cohorts and one population based cohort between cognitive ability and the most likely candidate gene among the five that harbored more than one such polymorphism. The derived, human-specific allele of the beta-2 adrenergic receptor Arg16Gly polymorphism was found to be the increaser allele for performance IQ in the young, family based cohort but the decreaser allele for two different measures of cognition in the large Scottish cohort of unrelated individuals. The polymorphism is known to affect signaling activity and modulation of beta-2 adrenergic signaling has been shown to adjust memory consolidation, a trait related 123Behav Genet (2009) 39:15-23 DOI 10.1007 to cognition. The opposite effect of the polymorphism on cognition in the two age classes observed in the different cohorts resembles the effect of ADRB2 on hypertension, which also has been reported to be age dependent. This result illustrates the relevance of comparative genomics to detect genes that are involved in human behavior.

show abstract

The phenotypic and genotypic relation between working memory speed and capacity

Cited by 46 publications

References 43 publications

Attention problems, inhibitory control, and intelligence index overlapping genetic factors: A study in 9-, 12-, and 18-year-old twins.

Attention problems, inhibitory control, and intelligence index overlapping genetic factors: A study in 9-, 12-, and 18-year-old twins.

Catechol O-methyl transferase and dopamine D2 receptor gene polymorphisms: evidence of positive heterosis and gene–gene interaction on working memory functioning

A Functional Polymorphism under Positive Evolutionary Selection in ADRB2 is Associated with Human Intelligence with Opposite Effects in the Young and the Elderly

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About