Attention problems, inhibitory control, and intelligence index overlapping genetic factors: A study in 9-, 12-, and 18-year-old twins.

Polderman, Tinca J. C.; Geus, Eco J. C. de; Hoekstra, Rosa A.; Bartels, Meike; Leeuwen, Marieke van; Verhulst, Frank C.; Posthuma, Daniëlle; Boomsma, Dorret I.

doi:10.1037/a0014915

Cited by 57 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 93 publications

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“…Mean scores for groups of research patients with KS lie below normative averages on tests of general intelligence (Fales et al., 2003; van Rijn, Swaab, Aleman, & Kahn, 2008), and lower intelligence has been associated with poorer working memory and executive function in many studies in the general population (Ackerman, Beier, & Boyle, 2005; Ardila, Pineda, & Rosselli, 2000; Fales et al., 2003; Polderman et al., 2009; Salthouse & Pink, 2008), although these findings are not universal (Friedman et al., 2006). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of genes, intelligence, personality, and social engagement in cognitive performance in Klinefelter syndrome

et al. 2017

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IntroductionThe determinants of cognitive deficits among individuals with Klinefelter syndrome (KS) are not well understood. This study was conducted to assess the impact of general intelligence, personality, and social engagement on cognitive performance among patients with KS and a group of controls matched for age and years of education.MethodsSixty‐nine patients with KS and 69 controls were assessed in terms of IQ, NEO personality inventory, the Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ) scale, and measures of cognitive performance reflecting working memory and executive function.ResultsPatients with KS performed more poorly on memory and executive‐function tasks. Patients with KS also exhibited greater neuroticism and less extraversion, openness, and conscientiousness than controls. Memory deficits among patients with KS were associated with lower intelligence, while diminished executive functioning was mediated by both lower intelligence and less social engagement.ConclusionOur results suggest that among patients with KS, memory deficits are principally a function of lower general intelligence, while executive‐function deficits are associated with both lower intelligence and poorer social skills. This suggests a potential influence of social engagement on executive cognitive functioning (and/or vice‐versa) among individuals with KS, and perhaps those with other genetic disorders. Future longitudinal research would be important to further clarify this and other issues discussed in this research.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of genes, intelligence, personality, and social engagement in cognitive performance in Klinefelter syndrome

et al. 2017

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“…32 The results of one study showed an improvement in the ability to inhibit responses between the ages of 5 and 10 years. 27 This improvement remained significant after controlling for the influence of working memory and processing speed.…”

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confidence: 90%

“…[35][36][37][38] One of the studies 27 that assessed intelligence and inhibitory control (and the only study of this kind, using twins) enriches the field, since it showed that IQ is also shared with genetic factors. Also unique among the studies selected for this systematic review was a study…”

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confidence: 99%

“…24 Two papers analyzed the construction of verbal intelligence and reading in correlation with inhibitory control. 15,27 One found that the reading of words plays an important role in the performance of the Stroop test. 15 In the other study, Polderman et al 27 conducted a study of twins and concluded that the association between attentional and inhibitory control problems reported in the literature could be derived mainly from genetic factors that are shared with intelligence quotient (IQ).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Neuropsychological and behavioral assessment of impulsivity in adolescents: a systematic review

Willhelm

Fortes

Czermainski

et al. 2016

Trends Psychiatry Psychother.

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Introduction: The aim of neuropsychological assessment is to understand the multifaceted relationship between behavior, cognition and brain organization. The main objective of this study was to conduct a systematic review of the literature on impulsivity and inhibitory control in healthy adolescents and preadolescents. Method: Three researchers conducted a systematic review on November 25, 2014. The first step was to conduct searches on the Web of Knowledge and PubMed databases for articles in English using the following keywords: child; adolescents; impulsivity; inhibition; inhibitory control; and neuropsychology. The second step was to analyze all the references cited in the articles selected from the search results in order to identify further literature. Results: Just 13 articles met all the inclusion criteria. There was no consistency in the aims of these studies, or in the instruments or procedures employed. Conclusion: There was no uniformity among the articles that met all the criteria in terms of any of the items analyzed. There was considerable heterogeneity in these studies of impulsivity and inhibitory control, and few of them evaluated healthy samples.

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“…Although several studies mentioned that the capacity of inhibition has a strong correlation with the fluid intelligence in adults (Polderman et al, 2009). Salthouse, Atkinson, and Berish (2003) found that the correlation between intelligence and inhibition occurs only at the age of 9, 12, and 18 years old.…”

Section: International Journal Of Research Studies In Psychology 79mentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibition in ADHD and non-ADHD children ages 6-12 years

Rahmi¹,

Wimbarti²

2018

IJRSP

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Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that begins to emerge in childhood. This disorder is caused by an impaired prefrontal cortex (PFC) development that affects executive functions, particularly in inhibition, resulting in loss of cognitive and behavior control. This research aims to investigate the difference between inhibition in ADHD and non-ADHD children ages 6-12 years old and between the three subtypes of ADHD. Subjects in this study were children with ADHD (N=34) which consists of the inattentive type (N=14), hyperactive-impulsive type (N=9), and combination type (N=11), as well as non-ADHD children (N=34). This research used the causal-comparative method. The instrument which was utilized in this study is The Stroop Color and Word test to measure inhibition. Results of this research showed that there are differences in inhibition between ADHD and non-ADHD children and between age 6-9 years and 10-12 years old children. However, there is no difference of inhibition between three subtypes of ADHD.

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Attention problems, inhibitory control, and intelligence index overlapping genetic factors: A study in 9-, 12-, and 18-year-old twins.

Cited by 57 publications

References 93 publications

The role of genes, intelligence, personality, and social engagement in cognitive performance in Klinefelter syndrome

The role of genes, intelligence, personality, and social engagement in cognitive performance in Klinefelter syndrome

Neuropsychological and behavioral assessment of impulsivity in adolescents: a systematic review

Inhibition in ADHD and non-ADHD children ages 6-12 years

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