The Phase Nature of Beta Sodium Palmitate

Ferguson, R. H.; Rosevear, F. B.; Nordsieck, H.

doi:10.1021/ja01193a038

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…Since there is still no general experimental agreement on the nature of the curd phases (3,6,18,32), no attempt will be made to discuss them in this paper.…”

Section: Structure Of the Aqueous Phasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Colloidal Structures in Binary Soap Systems

Doscher¹,

Vold²

1948

J. Phys. Chem.

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As a result of numerous inx-estigations, the phase rule has been found to be applicable to binary systems of soap and xvater (21) and of soap and a hydrocarbon (sodium stearate-cetane) (4), and to a ternary system of sodium stearatecetane-xvater (5). Numerous separate and distinct phases have been identified in these systems, and interest in them has been aroused oxving to their importance in the technology of toilet and laundry soaps, lubricating greases, and cosmetic creams.No detailed attempts, however, hax-e been made to elucidate the molecular structures of these phases nor to relate the physical properties to the constitution of the phases. If such information xvere ax-ailable, it would be possible to predict and specify the performance of systems which hax-e not yet been completely investigated, and the technology of these materials would then be placed on a more

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“…Since there is still no general experimental agreement on the nature of the curd phases (3,6,18,32), no attempt will be made to discuss them in this paper.…”

Section: Structure Of the Aqueous Phasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Colloidal Structures in Binary Soap Systems

Doscher¹,

Vold²

1948

J. Phys. Chem.

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“…Buerger,Smith,et aZ.,4,6,17 postulate the existence of at least nine discrete phases of saturated soaps, alpha, beta, gamma, delta, sigma, epsilon, mu, kappa and zeta, regarding most or all of them as stoichiometric fractional hydrates. Ferguson,et al,7•9 maintain that there are but four distinguishable phases, alpha, beta, delta and omega, alpha being a hemihydrate and beta, and presumably the others, solid solutions of water in soap.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristic X-Ray Spectrometer Patterns of the Saturated Sodium Soaps

Vold¹,

Grandine²,

Schott³

1952

J. Phys. Chem.

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“…Polyhydric alcohols, which have more than two hydroxyl groups, such as glycerol, propylene glycol and 1, 3-butanediol, are popular compounds in personal and home care products [11]. To study the effect of polyhydric alcohols on the phase behavior of ternary fatty acid soaps, glycerol and propylene glycol were selected.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A pure alkyl aryl sulfonate surfactant was studied by Franses et al [10]. Ferguson et al studied the phase nature of beta sodium palmitate in 1947 [11]. Phase behavior and bilayer properties of fatty acid soaps were also investigated by Cistola et al [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Polyhydric Alcohols, Surfactants, Emollients and Emulsifiers on Phase Behaviors of Ternary Fatty Acid Soap Solutions

Tang²,

Chen³

et al. 2017

J Surfact & Detergents

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The effects of polyhydric alcohols (glycerol, propylene glycol), surfactants (SLES, CAPB, APG), emollients (stearic acid, IPM, Cetiol CC, Cetiol HE) and emulsifiers (Simusol 165, S1170) on the phase behavior of fatty acid soaps prepared with lauric acid, myristic acid and stearic acid mixtures (25% total fatty acids) were studied. Phase behaviors were analyzed by pH, viscosity, turbidity, clarity, polarization optical microscopy and X‐ray diffraction. The results show that the composition of ternary fatty acid mixtures plays a decisive role in the phase behavior of soap solutions. An increase in the level of steric acid promotes the formation of the Liq + Crystal phase. Polyhydric alcohols made the liquid‐phase (liquid micelle phase) region larger. Surfactants also increased the liquid‐phase region by solubilizing insoluble fatty acid soaps. Liquid‐phase soap systems were stable for at least 2 months. Emollients were solubilized by fatty acid soap micelles leading to the formation of the Cub + Hex and Liq + Lam phases. Emulsifiers showed excellent solubilizing properties in the system of fatty acid soaps and emollients. The liquid‐phase region became larger, reducing the Cub + Hex phase region and keeping the Liq + Crystal phase more compact and stable. The Cub + Hex phase and Liq + Lam phase were metastable with the system eventually separating into multiple phases over time.

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The Phase Nature of Beta Sodium Palmitate

Cited by 13 publications

References 1 publication

Colloidal Structures in Binary Soap Systems

Colloidal Structures in Binary Soap Systems

Characteristic X-Ray Spectrometer Patterns of the Saturated Sodium Soaps

Effect of Polyhydric Alcohols, Surfactants, Emollients and Emulsifiers on Phase Behaviors of Ternary Fatty Acid Soap Solutions

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