The Phase Behavior and Microstructure of Efficient Cationic–Nonionic Microemulsions

Microstructure and structural transition in microemulsions stabilized by aldonamide-type surfactants

“…The elucidation of the internal structure of microemulsions, although important, can be very complex, therefore sophisticated physical techniques are required for this purpose, e.g., dynamic light scattering (DLS) [21], electron microscopy [22], EPR spectroscopy [23], or time resolved fluorescence quenching (TRFQ) [24]. Other methods, i.e., conductance [15,25], viscosity [21], infrared spectroscopy [26], UV-vis spectroscopy [27], small angle neutron scattering (SANS) [28] may play supportive role for the multiphase system characteristics. By comparing different experimental methods it is possible to determine the type and internal structure of the microemulsion [29,30].…”

“…At constant pressure, the phase behavior of a ternary mixture can be represented exactly in an upright phase prism with the Gibbs triangle A-B-C as the base, and temperature as the ordinate [19]. More fundamental work should mainly be focused on the microstructures encountered in microemulsion phases [20], microemulsion formation and stability [16]. The elucidation of the internal structure of microemulsions, although important, can be very complex, therefore sophisticated physical techniques are required for this purpose, e.g., dynamic light scattering (DLS) [21], electron microscopy [22], EPR spectroscopy [23], or time resolved fluorescence quenching (TRFQ) [24].…”

Interplay of Polarity and Confinement in Asymmetric Catalysis with Chiral Rh Diene Complexes in Microemulsions

“…This significantly larger positive effect of AOT on the solubilization efficiency results due to its larger alkyl moiety and its branched structure on the one hand, and a larger degree of dissociation of Na + counterions on the other hand. A further replacement of C 8 G 1 with AOT to δ AOT =5.0 wt% (▾) and δ AOT =6.5 wt% ( × ), has almost no effect on the surfactant mixture efficiency, whereas for δ AOT =7.5 wt% (▪), as for SDS, a slight shift of the phase boundaries towards higher surfactant concentrations was observed most probably related to the decreasing distance between the AOT headgroups and the increasing number of Na + counterions [25] …”

“…and δ AOT = 6.5 wt% ( × ), has almost no effect on the surfactant mixture efficiency, whereas for δ AOT = 7.5 wt% (&), as for SDS, a slight shift of the phase boundaries towards higher surfactant concentrations was observed most probably related to the decreasing distance between the AOT headgroups and the increasing number of Na + counterions. [25] To study, whether an inversely charged amphiphilic film has a different influence on the performance of the catalytic reaction, the non-ionic C 8 G 1 -based microemulsion was doped with the cationic surfactant DTAB. Contrary to SDS and AOT, replacing 5 wt% of C 8 G 1 with DTAB the phase boundaries were shifted to higher surfactant concentrations.…”

Microemulsions: A Versatile Carrier for Decontamination Agents

“…Besides polymers, mixtures of a cationic and non -ionic surfactant also lead to changes in the structure of L 3 -phases [80] . Besides the different equilibrium experiments, it is also possible to investigate this type of phases using p -and T -jump techniques.…”